Rupert Murdoch´S Media Monopoly
The paper explores how dangerous such an important mass media as TV can be, if too many power is concentrated in just a few hands, and how our perception of reality can be manipulated by the selection and manipulation of information presented on TV.
Table of Contents
Introduction .. p. 3
1. The development of television .. p. 4
2. Globalisation of the TV market and its effects . p. 5
3. How legislation can influence the quality of journalism .. p. 6
4. How television can be abused . p. 8
5. Rupert Murdoch´s media monopoly and its effects on American television and society p.10
Conclusion p. 15
Bibliography . p. 17
Introduction
The following term paper deals with the development of television from its early beginnings in the 1920s up to now. My attention focuses on the powers which influence what is shown on TV and the analysis of methods they use in order to manipulate the public opinion.
Outlining the success story of this important means of mass media at the beginning of the first chapter, I will then explain the effects of globalisation on the TV market. Considering the example of commercialised American television, I will demonstrate in which ways the extreme competition between TV companies and their struggle for the top ratings has influenced the quality of TV programs.
In the second chapter I will deal with "media control" and show how television can be abused by political powers in order to direct the public opinion. After describing the general effects of such influences I will finally return to the example of America and analyse the social and political effects of Rupert Murdoch´s "media monopoly" in the Unites States. Finally I will explain the methods of mass manipulation employed by his Fox News Channel, which are outlined in Robert Greenwald´s film OUTFOXED.
Neil Postman´s book "Amusing ourselves to death", Noam Chomsky´s pamphlet
Table of Contents
Introduction .. p. 3
1. The development of television .. p. 4
2. Globalisation of the TV market and its effects . p. 5
3. How legislation can influence the quality of journalism .. p. 6
4. How television can be abused . p. 8
5. Rupert Murdoch´s media monopoly and its effects on American television and society p.10
Conclusion p. 15
Bibliography . p. 17
Introduction
The following term paper deals with the development of television from its early beginnings in the 1920s up to now. My attention focuses on the powers which influence what is shown on TV and the analysis of methods they use in order to manipulate the public opinion.
Outlining the success story of this important means of mass media at the beginning of the first chapter, I will then explain the effects of globalisation on the TV market. Considering the example of commercialised American television, I will demonstrate in which ways the extreme competition between TV companies and their struggle for the top ratings has influenced the quality of TV programs.
In the second chapter I will deal with "media control" and show how television can be abused by political powers in order to direct the public opinion. After describing the general effects of such influences I will finally return to the example of America and analyse the social and political effects of Rupert Murdoch´s "media monopoly" in the Unites States. Finally I will explain the methods of mass manipulation employed by his Fox News Channel, which are outlined in Robert Greenwald´s film OUTFOXED.
Neil Postman´s book "Amusing ourselves to death", Noam Chomsky´s pamphlet
Bibliography: Beverly Hills/London Chomsky, Noam (2002): Media Control Propaganda. Seven Stories Press/New York Fabris, Hans, Renger, Rudi and Rest, Franz (2001): Bericht zur Lage des Journalismus in Österreich: Qualitäts-Monitoring. Institut für Kommunikationswissenschaft der Universität Salzburg Graddol, David (1997): The Future of English Postman, Neil (1985): Wir amüsieren uns zu Tode: Urteilsbildung im Zeitalter der Unterhaltungsindustrie Burnheim, Sally (2003/November 30): "Freedom of Expression: Case law under European convention on Human Rights" Perger, Roman (2000/August 25): "Auf in den Bürgerkrieg". Die Zeit. Politics section. [Online] http//www.zeus.zeit.de/text/archiv/2000/38/200038_dreiweise.xml Sorkin, Andrew and Fabrikant, Geraldine (2005/January 10): "Murdoch to Buy Rest of Fox for $7 Billion" .New York Times. Bussiness section. [Online]. [2005, Jan. 18] http://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=FA081FFF345D0C738DDDA80894DD404482&incamp=archive:search Worm, Alfred (2001/March 31): "Dritte Phase" Film: Greenwald, Robert (2004): Outfoxed Skull, Steven (2003) (2003): Misperceptions, the Media and the Iraq War: An Independent Survey on Media Impartiality