9.Dexmethylphenidate-is a central nervous system stimulant of the phenethyline and piperidine classes that is used in the treatment of ADHD and narcolepsy .it is the active detrorotatory enantiomer of methlphenidate.…
. Methylphenidate, also commonly known as Ritalin, is classified as a central nervous system stimulant, which is used for the treatment of both attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and narcolepsy. This drug works by preventing the reuptake of norepinephrine and dopamine, which results in the increased activity of these two neurotransmitters within the synaptic space, which occurs by modulating the activity of the dopamine transporter and the norepinephrine transporter. The prefrontal cortex controls all behavior, attention, and emotion but in patients suffering from ADHD symptoms of decreased attention span, heightened distractibility, and poor impulse control are seen. The prefrontal cortex requires norepinephrine and dopamine for…
Dennis currently lives with his mother and his siblings. Dennis has run away from home seven times. There were no reports of him being kicked out of the home. Mr. Noah Smith, the mother’s fiancé also resides in the home. He is the father of Dennis’ half-brothers. Mr. Dennis Cooke, the biological father resides in the city of Portsmouth, according to Ms. Barner. She reported he has had engagement in Dennis’ life, but he is currently incarcerated due to his failure to pay child support. Dennis obeys some rules. Dennis is sometime subject to appropriate consequences for bad behavior and sometimes receives appropriate rewards for good behavior. Ms. Barner reported she usually withholds Dennis’ allowance and cell phone when he fails to comply with the rules of the home. She also stated when he does what is asked and expected of him, she rewards him with…
These types of drugs (also called Central Nervous System or CNS stimulants) affect our central nervous system that controls everything from thought process to everyday breathing. Ritalin's major side effects influences the cardiovascular system (palpitation, tachycardia, and increased blood pressure), the central nervous system (psychosis, dizziness, headache, insomnia, tic syndromes, attacks of Gilles de la Tourette), gastrointestinal (anorexia, nausea), endocrine/metabolic system (weight loss, growth suppression). Also, Ritalin is a fairly new drug (introduced in the early eighties). It hasn't been around long enough to study the long-term effects.Since Ritalin is a Methylphetamine (closely related to the amphetamine family, such as cocaine), it has a high rate of…
There are other drugs then this though. Such as what kids use in college called Adderall. This is the same goal as Ritalin. Except doesn’t have much side effects. This drug makes you focus more then you have ever done before. This is prescribed to people who have ADD. This can help people get a paper done is under an hour if they can type fast enough. Another side effect is that it is very addictive. You may want to use it the next day because of all the work you’ve done.…
References: Brink, S. (2000). Doing Ritalin right. U.S. News and World Report, Retrieved October 2, 2008, from www.usnews.com…
According to studies there are more than an estimated 6 million kids aging in the range of 4 to 17 that’s been diagnosed with ADHD which is an increase of 15 or more percent since studies done in 2007 regarding ADHD and it is over a 40 percent increase from in the past ten years. Most of the children diagnosed with ADHD have received prescriptions to use stimulants such as Ritalin, Adderall and Vyvanse, which are known to tremendously improve individuals’ lives that suffer with ADHD however these drugs can result to an individual to have anxiety, psychosis, and can lead to addiction. Many of people are floored at the astronomical numbers such as a professor of Yale that studies medicine where he states “Mild symptoms are being diagnosed so readily, which goes well beyond the disorder and the zone of ambiguity to pure enhancement of children who are otherwise healthy” (Dr. W. Graf, 2013). To make matters worse there will be a larger number of teenagers that are going to be prescribed Adderall, Vyvanse, or Ritalin in the foreseeable future because the APA (American Psychiatric Association) is considering changing the meaning and definitions of ADHD to allow room for more individuals to be diagnosed with the disorder which means more will be treated with stimulants. ADHD is normally described by many doctors as a result of chemical levels abnormity that is associated in the brain that impair an individual’s attention skills and impulses control (NIMH, 2013).…
However, I have heard people claim that Ritalin is overprescribed because "ADHD doesn't exist." These people are flat out wrong. Most mental illnesses and neurological disorders aren't specific things that you can point to, but rather, they're a collection of symptoms that we group together. If someone is diagnosed with ADHD, it's because they exhibit a cluster of behaviors that are classified under a common label.…
Ritalin is a familiar stimulant drug taken to subdue the typical characteristics of children and adults with ADHD. Ritalin has been proven to be a positive narcotic by responding to the symptoms of attention deficit hyperactive disorder. The familiar stimulant drug offers students equal opportunities in the classroom by allowing those with ADHD the same luxury of learning (Clemmitt). Since taking Ritalin, children and adults alike have noticed an increase in attention, time management, organization, and overall performance (Foley). Explained in Carmen Ferreiro’s best seller, Ritalin and Other Methylphenidate-Containing Drugs, when taking Ritalin the user has more control of how the narcotic affects his or her body due to the drugs short acting…
Since Ritalin abuse first hit the radar screen several years ago, the reliance on prescription stimulants to…
The author of this article believes that schools are being over whelmed with the amount of Ritalin being given to cheldren in the United States. They also state that “US Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA) considers Ritalin a Class II drug… Other drugs in that category are cocaine, metamphetamine and methadone” (One in four US schoolkids doped on Ritalin, 2000, para. 3). With this statement the author is trying to scare the reader away from using Ritalin. Also they go on to say “DEA deputy director Terrance Woodworth recently confirmed to a congressional sub-committee that 40 percent of the Ritalin prescribed in the United States is for children between the ages of three and nine, 80 percent of whom were boys” (One in four US schoolkids doped on Ritalin, 2000, para. 9). However, with the behavioral needs of the children in our schools, it is hard to tell witch child is or isn’t taking this medicine.…
Bidwell, C. L., McClemon, J. F., Kollins, S. H. (2011). Cognitive enhancers for the treatment of ADHD. Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior, doi:10.1016/jpbb.2011.05.002…
A doctor may recommend that a person with ADHD gets behavioural therapy before starting any medications. Therapy is a valuable tool that can help people with ADHD by learning new behaviours to replace old inappropriate ones. Parents can also benefit from receiving behavioural management training, this can be used to manage their child's behaviour, helping them to learn new coping skills.…
Adderall is prescribed to treat narcolepsy and attention deficit hyperactive disorder (ADHD). It is composed of amphetamine and dextroamphetamine, and is used to control the nerves that cause hyperactivity and involuntary impulses. People…
ADHD medications have been praised drastically for the enhancement of mental performance that is shown. People who have a more severe case of ADHD are generally more motivated to do things once they are put on…