REVIEW SHEET EXAM 1
REVIEW SHEET EXAM 1 PERSONALITY THEORY
Ch. 1:
What is personality?
A set of traits, characteristics, or patterns of behavior that are stable generally over an extended period of time.
What is theory?
A set of abstract concepts developed about a group of facts or events in order to explain them.
What are the philosophical assumptions of a theory?
A. Freedom vs. Determinism
B. Heredity vs. Environment
C. Proactive vs. Reactive
D. Optimism vs. Pessimism
What criteria should be considered in validating a personality theory or more generally a scientific statement?
A. Coherence: clear, logical, and consistent.
B. Relevance: view of reality.
C. Comprehensiveness: contain enough information to understand.
D. Compellingness: convince.
Identify the clinical and practical applications of personality theories.
A. The development of psychometric tests to assess personality and behavior.
B. Clinical case studies to examine individual differences and behavioral complexities.
C. Research studies that inform both psychotherapeutic communities as well as industrial and organizational settings.
Do you think personality theories can be validated? Be able to support your opinion.
Ch. 2:
Define terms:
Id Catharsis
Ego Defense mechanisms Electra complex
Superego Psychoanalysis penis envy
Freudian slip Psychosexual stages transference
Free association Oedipal Complex counter-transference
Eros Thanatos
Define and explain the defense mechanisms.
ID- Unconscious impulses that constantly seek pleasure.
Ego- Balances id and superego: reality principle.
Superego- Moral conscience that questions id.
Freudian slip- making a verbal mistake that has hidden meaning.
Free association- patient is asked to verbalize whatever come up in mind; important tool for self-understanding. “Talking cure”
Eros- life seeking behaviors; the life instincts are those that deal with basic survival, pleasure, and reproduction.
Thanatos- life resolving; aggressive or violated behavior.
Ch. 1:
What is personality?
A set of traits, characteristics, or patterns of behavior that are stable generally over an extended period of time.
What is theory?
A set of abstract concepts developed about a group of facts or events in order to explain them.
What are the philosophical assumptions of a theory?
A. Freedom vs. Determinism
B. Heredity vs. Environment
C. Proactive vs. Reactive
D. Optimism vs. Pessimism
What criteria should be considered in validating a personality theory or more generally a scientific statement?
A. Coherence: clear, logical, and consistent.
B. Relevance: view of reality.
C. Comprehensiveness: contain enough information to understand.
D. Compellingness: convince.
Identify the clinical and practical applications of personality theories.
A. The development of psychometric tests to assess personality and behavior.
B. Clinical case studies to examine individual differences and behavioral complexities.
C. Research studies that inform both psychotherapeutic communities as well as industrial and organizational settings.
Do you think personality theories can be validated? Be able to support your opinion.
Ch. 2:
Define terms:
Id Catharsis
Ego Defense mechanisms Electra complex
Superego Psychoanalysis penis envy
Freudian slip Psychosexual stages transference
Free association Oedipal Complex counter-transference
Eros Thanatos
Define and explain the defense mechanisms.
ID- Unconscious impulses that constantly seek pleasure.
Ego- Balances id and superego: reality principle.
Superego- Moral conscience that questions id.
Freudian slip- making a verbal mistake that has hidden meaning.
Free association- patient is asked to verbalize whatever come up in mind; important tool for self-understanding. “Talking cure”
Eros- life seeking behaviors; the life instincts are those that deal with basic survival, pleasure, and reproduction.
Thanatos- life resolving; aggressive or violated behavior.