Reverse Osmosis: The Different Structure Between Ice And Liquid Water

The water came from outer space to Earth. The water was brought to the planet for the comets. The water has a different structure for each state (gas, liquid, ice). Liquid water has random molecules. On the other hand, the ice has a more stable structure. The different structure between ice and liquid water can explain why the ice has less density than liquid water. Temperature is responsible for increasing the dissolution of components, and electrical conductivity. Pure water is not a good conductor, but is a great solvent. Natural water has impurities from rocks, soils, environment, and humans’ actions. These impurities make the water a good electrical conductor. Impurities in water can be measured by the total of solids dissolves in water
Water that has a high concentration of impurities receives an external pressure. It makes the water pass through the membrane. The membrane retains the solids and contaminants in the water. The membrane is the most important part of the system. It very hard to located problems in the membrane. In addition, if the membrane is not in perfect condition, the system is not working. Reverse osmosis is a kind of filtration. Filtration is an oldest process that consists in the water passing through sand, gravel or membrane. Thus prevent the solids and contaminates passing for the other side. The pores of the filters need to be small. The smaller pore is the most efficient filter. When the water is without impurities or solids, it still needs more chemicals. These chemicals make the water lose smell and taste. Desalination is a process of removing salts from the water. This process was used formerly to obtain water by distillation, and evaporation. Actually, is used reverse osmosis and electrodialysis to produce potable water. Desalinization is a process which consumes much energy. And, need two gallons of seawater to produce one gallon of potable water. The treatment of the seawater for remove impurities is as the traditional treatment (coagulation, flocculation, chemicals, and sand filters). After this is though other filter the diatomaceous which remove silt and fine particles. Thus, the next process is the reverse osmosis which the membrane separated the water in potable water and concentrated seawater. The concentrated seawater need to dissolve by chemical for decrease the amount of salt. Just after the process of deconcentration the water can go back to the oceans or