research project
Research Methodology
Submitted To
Ms.Tabbasum Iqbal
Submitted By
Noreen Karim
09030602-003
RabiaJaved
09030602-005
MemoonaEjaz
09030602-007
TayyabaRiaz
09030602-017
Ayesha Siddiqa
09030602-030
JaweriaAkram
09030602-033
Table of Contents
Chp#1 3
Topic
Introduction
Hypothesis
Chp#2 4
Literature Review
Methodology
Chp#3 5-11
Data Collection
Data Analysis
Conclusion
Chp#4
References
Chapter # 01
Frequency Rate of Code-Switched English words in Urdu
Introduction:
This research project aims at investigating the frequency rate of switched words of English,a second language(L2), in Urdu a native language (L1).In Pakistan research on various aspects has been conducted but at which rate Urdu-English code switching occurs is of relatively lessfocused. Code switching phenomenon is a global issue. Due to globalization everything is now connected and due to this connection languages also come in contact. Connection among languages causes code switching phenomenon. Code switching refers here to “the alternate use of two [or more] languages within the same utterance or during the same conversation” (Hoffmann 1991: 110). The term intra-sentential is used to refer to switching within the sentence, in contrast with the term inter-sentential used for switches between sentences as the relevant unit for analysis. Objectives of the study are:To analyze the speech in informal situations.The questions to get recorded answers were made in accordance to the purpose of research. The research question is:
At which frequency native language, Urdu (L1) is affected by second language, English(L2), in a multilingual community?
Hypothesis:
If (L1) is affected by (L2),the frequency rate of lexemes of (L2) within (L1) will be 33% or more than it.
Variables: Dependent variable is L1 that is Urdu language which depends on frequency rate of lexemes of L2 and L2 is independent variable that is English language.
Submitted To
Ms.Tabbasum Iqbal
Submitted By
Noreen Karim
09030602-003
RabiaJaved
09030602-005
MemoonaEjaz
09030602-007
TayyabaRiaz
09030602-017
Ayesha Siddiqa
09030602-030
JaweriaAkram
09030602-033
Table of Contents
Chp#1 3
Topic
Introduction
Hypothesis
Chp#2 4
Literature Review
Methodology
Chp#3 5-11
Data Collection
Data Analysis
Conclusion
Chp#4
References
Chapter # 01
Frequency Rate of Code-Switched English words in Urdu
Introduction:
This research project aims at investigating the frequency rate of switched words of English,a second language(L2), in Urdu a native language (L1).In Pakistan research on various aspects has been conducted but at which rate Urdu-English code switching occurs is of relatively lessfocused. Code switching phenomenon is a global issue. Due to globalization everything is now connected and due to this connection languages also come in contact. Connection among languages causes code switching phenomenon. Code switching refers here to “the alternate use of two [or more] languages within the same utterance or during the same conversation” (Hoffmann 1991: 110). The term intra-sentential is used to refer to switching within the sentence, in contrast with the term inter-sentential used for switches between sentences as the relevant unit for analysis. Objectives of the study are:To analyze the speech in informal situations.The questions to get recorded answers were made in accordance to the purpose of research. The research question is:
At which frequency native language, Urdu (L1) is affected by second language, English(L2), in a multilingual community?
Hypothesis:
If (L1) is affected by (L2),the frequency rate of lexemes of (L2) within (L1) will be 33% or more than it.
Variables: Dependent variable is L1 that is Urdu language which depends on frequency rate of lexemes of L2 and L2 is independent variable that is English language.
References: 1. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OfACADEMIC RESEARCH Vol. 3. No. 4. July, 2011, II Part URDU-ENGLISH SWITCHING: DECLINE OF THE LINGUISTIC CAPITAL OF URDU LANGUAGE IN PAKISTAN by Dr.FauziaJanjua, International Islamic University, Islamabad (PAKISTAN) 2. Talaat, M. The Form and Functions of English in Pakistan. Unpublished PhD. Dissertation, BZU,Multan. (2002) 3. Qadir, S.A. &Rasul, S. Code-mixing in Pakistani Newspapers: A Sociolinguistic Analysis. Paper presented at 2nd Sheikh Ayaz International Conference of Language and Literature, University of Sindh, Jamshoro. (Nov. 2008). 4. http://www.lotpublications.nl/publish/articles/002401/bookpart.pdf