Preview

Reciprocity and Free Hospitality Concept: CouchSurfing Network in Riga

Best Essays
Open Document
Open Document
2540 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
Reciprocity and Free Hospitality Concept: CouchSurfing Network in Riga
RIGA STRADINS UNIVERSITY
FACULTY OF COMMUNICATIONS
MASTER’S STUDY PROGRAM “SOCIAL ANTHROPOLOGY”

Essay in course
“Kinship”
Reciprocity and free hospitality concept.
CouchSurfing network in Riga.

1st years student
Ieva Irbina

Riga, 2013

The concept of reciprocity in the host - guest form has been recognized for centuries. The way of relationships between hosts and guests depends on many factors, including cultural concept of hospitality. During times host - guest concept obtained new expressions one of which is web based global free hospitality networks possible thanks to new technologies. There are many networks, but the most popular in Riga is CouchSurfing.org. According to CouchSurfing.org information there are 13379 active members in Riga.1 The aim of this paper is to examine the importance and ways of reciprocity in the non-monetary hospitality network in Riga.
This paper is composed of three parts. First one presents reciprocity idea in relations to free hospitality concept. This part is based on literature studies mainly from the range of economical reciprocity in social anthropology. The aim of first part is to find theoretical framework for future analysis. Second one presents idea of CouchSurfing.org as non-monetary or free hospitality network. In this part I focus on main idea of CouchSurfing.org, general rules and policy. The idea of this part is to determine level of mandatory reciprocity regulated by CouchSurfing.org owners.
Third part of this paper will focus on ways of reciprocity between CouchSurfing.org members in
Riga. The findings from field work research (participant observation, informal conversations, personal experience) suggest that the ways of reciprocity have changed over time, but have it changed type of reciprocity and with that idea of reciprocity itself?
Product and service exchange as a key method for balanced society control has been recognized since centuries. One of the most referenced book on



Bibliography: Kolm, Serge Christophe. Reciprocity. An Economics of Social Relations. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006 Osiel, Mark. The End of Reciprocity. Terror, Torture, And the Law of War. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009 20.2 (1991): 155-167. Print. (2010). Print. CouchSurfing.org at http://www.couchsurfing.org accessed 1 August, 2013 Wikipedia contributors

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Satisfactory Essays

    MPS4 Fall 2014

    • 513 Words
    • 2 Pages

    E. Does the model of reciprocity depend on shared genes between the altruist and the recipient?…

    • 513 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Soc203 Lecture 1

    • 511 Words
    • 3 Pages

    - generalized reciprocity: no expectation of immediate return; the system under where the food is distributed equally…

    • 511 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Unit 6 Assignment 3

    • 402 Words
    • 2 Pages

    Exchange operates within cultural norms, and social credit is preferable to social indebtedness. The language of Social Exchange theory betrays its assumption that we are all in it for ourselves. The basic formula for predicting the behavior for any properly socialized individual in any situation is: Behavior (Profits) = Rewards of interaction - Costs of Interaction.…

    • 402 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    However this theory is limited as it doesn’t take into account that participants in relationships are often concerned with equity. For example Hays (1985) found that in student friendships that rewarding someone and being rewarded oneself were valued equally.…

    • 965 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Rough Draft

    • 347 Words
    • 2 Pages

    Reciprocity was understood all the way back when the earliest white settlers established homes in New England. However, over time, the meaning of the word reciprocity has been lost. Furthermore, many modern Westerners such as us are not truly aware of what the purpose of gift giving is. For instance, we tend to use gifts to maintain long-term relationships and also because we feel a mutual obligation. By not fully understanding the meaning of reciprocity, we also run the risk of being misinterpreted and even causing harm. Also, the idea that gifts usually carry obligation with them is instilled early in life. Lastly, this chapter discusses how we have come to always expect something in return. Whether it is a gift of equal value or simply a word or two of gratitude, we expect something in return and we use these gifts to establish friendships and manipulate our positions in society.…

    • 347 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Social Exchange Theory has strong roots in the fields of economics, sociology and psychology. From a historical perspective, early psychologists focused on the principles of reinforcement, functionalism, and utilitarianism. In fact, the famous French anthropologist Claude Lévi-Strauss incorporated the important ethnographic principles of gift exchange and kinship systems into the theory of social exchange. Interestingly…

    • 633 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Heidi Roizen BU

    • 2078 Words
    • 7 Pages

    Reciprocity "People feel a sense of obligation to people who have given them something" Slide 16…

    • 2078 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    Human Services History

    • 722 Words
    • 3 Pages

    How people help their neighbors through tragedies and circumstances will determine how that society will thrive. As Claude Levi Strauss said, “It is the principle of reciprocity that holds a society together”. People have been helping each other survive for hundreds of years. Humans brand an action as kind by its performance, consequences, and by the person 's intentions. Reciprocity is considered a determining factor of human behavior. Reciprocity is trading favors or making a negotiation or a contract with another person. With reciprocity, a small favor can produce a sense of obligation to a larger return favor. This feeling of obligation allows an action to be reciprocated with another action. However, there is a sense of future obligation with reciprocity. It can help develop and continue relationships with people. Reciprocity works because children are taught at a young age to be polite and return favors. We teach our youth to treat people the way we would want to be treated.…

    • 722 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Titmuss was an early pioneer of the ethical model and proposed that “policy analysis was “the critique of the ends – that is, the discussion of what are the right things to want?” Mayer (1985:54). He believed that distributive justice should be emphasised and there should be “..the distribution of material and social benefits based on people’s needs as well as their efforts.” Titmuss in Mayer (1985:54). He argued that members of a society need to be able to engage in what he called the gift relationship, a term he used to describe altruism. “The gift relationship is one in which one gives something of value to a stranger…thereby eliminating any possibility of reciprocity, which is the motivation for self-interested action.” Titmuss in Mayer…

    • 4263 Words
    • 18 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    “Social psychology focuses on three broad topics: how people think about, influence, and relate to one another.” (Social Psychology) When it comes to behavior and how people will act, many experiments were conducted to prove or disprove that “behavior is contagious”. (Social Psychology) Experiments such as Soloman Asch’s Conformity Experiment, Stanley Milgram’s Obedience Experiment and Zimbardo’s Prison Experiment all impacted modern psychology. These experiments proved that behavior is infectious and what some do impacts what others will do. In this paper, I will show that it is true, “behavior is contagious.” (Social Psychology)…

    • 743 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Airbnb Summary

    • 386 Words
    • 1 Page

    Within our article “sharing economy” reshaping markets chosen by our group members, we slowly branched off into different sections to see what we could make from or discover from this article. An interesting company by the name Airbnb caught our eye and gained our attention immediately due to the fact that its purpose fits perfectly into our discussion.…

    • 386 Words
    • 1 Page
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    There is a reason why the biblical phrase "it is better to give than to receive" is so popular. For a long time, authors described successful people in business as having talent and luck, but nowadays according to Adam Grant, they share another quality; they give back (Brandom, 2013, para 1). In this context a dilemma surfaces. One component that distinguishes organized cultures is whether the cultures themselves are framed by giver or taker philosophies. The main reasons that make the giver culture better is the preferences for reciprocity, the mission of the company, and the success of the philosophy.…

    • 818 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    In an environment with just a group of individuals who are close relatives or kin, altruism and cooperation can increase their fitness due to genetics. If an organism performs a selfless act, this can benefit their other relatives by increasing their fitness of the genes that they share in their genepool (Hamilton 1963). With reciprocal altruism there lies this idea of manipulation to urge the return of the favor. This idea is utilized in an environment of organisms who are not related. Reciprocal Altruism does not quite work to increase fitness of genes, the organisms are manipulated by punishment. If a being takes advantage of the altruistic behavior and gains they uptake without returning or “reciprocating” an altruistic action, they can be punished. By the use of reinforcements, they are being manipulated to return the favor and keep the continuous cycle of reciprocal altruism moving (Trivers 1971). In addition, the concept of indirect reciprocity is also a factor. This reciprocity is completing the idea of returning a favor, but not for the true means of being altruistic due to the fact that those who reciprocate will only reciprocate with those also have a “good image score” rather than those who will not reciprocate who have a “bad image score,” otherwise known as…

    • 542 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Collaborative Consumption

    • 333 Words
    • 2 Pages

    Airbnb (www.airbnb.com) started in August 2008 as a booking service letting private, spare space around the world, a marketplace that connects people who need temporary living spaces, to people who have extra spaces. The extra spaces could be a spare bed, a room, an apartment or even a villa. In five years’ time they now have over 10 million nights booked, have over 300,000 listings worldwide, operate over 33,000 cities in 192 countries and have over 600 million Social connections.…

    • 333 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Couchsurfing

    • 2156 Words
    • 9 Pages

    The Couchsurfing Project was conceived by Casey Fenton in 1999. According to Fenton’s account, the idea arose after finding an inexpensive flight from Boston to Iceland. Fenton randomly emailed 1,500 students from the University of Iceland and asked if he could stay. He received 50 offers for accommodations. On the return flight, he…

    • 2156 Words
    • 9 Pages
    Powerful Essays

Related Topics