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Rastafarians in Post-Independence Caribbean Poetry in English

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Rastafarians in Post-Independence Caribbean Poetry in English
Rastafarians in Post-Independence Caribbean Poetry in English (the 1960s and the 1970s): from Pariahs to Cultural Creators
Eric DOUMERC, Maître de conférences - Université Toulouse 2 – Le Mirail erdoum@aol.com

L’objectif de cet article est d’examiner plusieurs modes de représentation des Rastafariens dans la poésie antillaise anglophone des années 1960 et 1970. Après s’être attardé sur le contexte historique et culturel, il sera question de trois tendances générales dans la représentation des Rastafariens pendant cette période. Dans certains poèmes, les Rastas apparaissent comme des parias et des idéalistes qui ont fondé leur vie entière sur un rêve absurde. D’autres poètes ont vu chez les Rastas le symbole de l’absurdité de la vie de l’homme, qui attend une certaine délivrance avec patience. Enfin, il existe une autre tradition dans la poésie antillaise anglophone qui a tendance à considérer le Rasta comme le vecteur d’une nouvelle culture créole et donc on mettra l’accent sur l’apport culturel des Rastas, par exemple en ce qui concerne les codes linguistiques et symboliques.

This article proposes to look at the way Rastafarians were portrayed in various ways by West Indian poets in the 1960s and 1970s. After paying attention to the historical and cultural context, the article focuses on three main strands in the portrayal of Rastafarians at the time. In a number of poems, Rastas emerged as pariahs and idealists who based their life on a fantasy. Other poets saw the Rastafarians as the symbols of the absurdity of man’s condition, patiently waiting for some kind of deliverance. Lastly, another tradition in West Indian poetry in English tends to look at the Rastafarians as the bearers of a new, creole culture and the emphasis is laid on their contribution to Caribbean culture in terms of language and symbolism.

The 1960s in the English-speaking Caribbean were a troubled period and a time of change. Independence (in 1962 for Jamaica and Trinidad and Tobago,

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