(1). Describe the process of conflict. Critically evaluate the impact of conflict on performance/productivity of an organization. Relate the situation of organization you are working in or familiar with as to how conflict affects the functioning of an organization. Briefly describe the organisation and situation, you are referring to.
Ans: Introduction: Conflict has always been widespread in society but it is only recently that it has generated a lot of interest and has been the focus of research and study. We are living in the age of conflict. Every day the choices available to us regarding any decision are increasing in number. We may have wanted to become a manager, an entrepreneur or a computer scientist. On the other hand, our fathers might have wanted you to become a doctor, a lawyer or a chartered accountant. Thus we faced a conflict not only at an intrapersonal level, in terms of the various choices confronting us, but also at an interpersonal level-our choice vs. our father's choice of a career for us. Conflict is not confined at the individual level alone but is manifesting itself more and more in organisations. Employees have become more vociferous in their demands for a better deal. Various departments in an organisation face a situation full of conflicts due to a number of reasons like goal diversity, scarcity of resources or task interdependence etc.
Conflict process can be seen as comprising five stages (1) potential opposition or incompatibility (2) Cognition and personalization (3) intentions (4) Behaviour (5) Outcome.
Stage 1: Potential opposition or incompatibility: The first step in the conflict process is the presence on conditions that create opportunities for conflict to rise. These cause or create opportunities for conflict to rise. These causes or sources of conflict have been condenses into three general categories - Communications, Structure and Personal Variables.
(a)Communications: Different words