Psychology: The Research Process
F -X C h a n ge
PD
F -X C h a n ge
O
W
!
N
y bu to
to
bu
y
N
O
W
!
C:\Users\user\Documents\Candice Personal\Studies\Prog Ind & Org Psychology\Mindmaps\Research Process.twdx k lic tr Research Process
Step 1: Problem Formula on
Researcher uses ques ons to explore the possible research topic
Topics may be determined on the basis of personal observa on, personal insight, ar cles in journals, magazines, textbooks or current media topics , or even discussions with other people
Focus on useful, current and interes ng topics
Researcher reviews theory in the chosen area to enable him to formulate a research ques on clearly
Research is induc ve or deduc ve
Induc ve approach - resercher proposes a theory on a certain type of behaviour, data are analysed and theiory is developed from the data
Deduc ve approach - theory is formed and tested by collec ng data. The data will support the theory if it is accurate
Step 2: Research Design
Step 3: Research Methods
Plan for conduc ng study
Nature of the problem to be studied, costs involved and feasability of study determin the research method
Qualita ve or quan ta ve approach must be followed
In I/O psychology, researcher must make it clear whether the unit of analysis is the individual, group or organisa onal or social
Important to establish validity and reliability of the data collec on method
Quan ta ve research:
More hihgly focused and more explicityly controlled
Clear methos follwed
Focuses on quan ty / height
Goal is explana on and requires jus
ca on, internal control and reliability
Provides a means of dealing with large numbers of data
Provides basis for comparing results with one another
Hypothesis tested using sta cal techniques
Disadvantages - only deals with numbers and actual behaviour and experience of subjects are not considered Focus is on simple, super cial aspects, not on complex psychological problems
Qualita ve resarch
PD
F -X C h a n ge
O
W
!
N
y bu to
to
bu
y
N
O
W
!
C:\Users\user\Documents\Candice Personal\Studies\Prog Ind & Org Psychology\Mindmaps\Research Process.twdx k lic tr Research Process
Step 1: Problem Formula on
Researcher uses ques ons to explore the possible research topic
Topics may be determined on the basis of personal observa on, personal insight, ar cles in journals, magazines, textbooks or current media topics , or even discussions with other people
Focus on useful, current and interes ng topics
Researcher reviews theory in the chosen area to enable him to formulate a research ques on clearly
Research is induc ve or deduc ve
Induc ve approach - resercher proposes a theory on a certain type of behaviour, data are analysed and theiory is developed from the data
Deduc ve approach - theory is formed and tested by collec ng data. The data will support the theory if it is accurate
Step 2: Research Design
Step 3: Research Methods
Plan for conduc ng study
Nature of the problem to be studied, costs involved and feasability of study determin the research method
Qualita ve or quan ta ve approach must be followed
In I/O psychology, researcher must make it clear whether the unit of analysis is the individual, group or organisa onal or social
Important to establish validity and reliability of the data collec on method
Quan ta ve research:
More hihgly focused and more explicityly controlled
Clear methos follwed
Focuses on quan ty / height
Goal is explana on and requires jus
ca on, internal control and reliability
Provides a means of dealing with large numbers of data
Provides basis for comparing results with one another
Hypothesis tested using sta cal techniques
Disadvantages - only deals with numbers and actual behaviour and experience of subjects are not considered Focus is on simple, super cial aspects, not on complex psychological problems
Qualita ve resarch