Psychology A2 Revision
No
PSYCHOLOGY REVISION-
MRS DAWSON
Models of addiction
There are different models of addiction, these are the biological model, the cognitive model and the social learning model.
Initiation – this refers to the process where individuals start to become addictive
Maintance – this is the process whereby people continue to behave addictively even in the face of adverse consequences
Relapse – this is the process whereby individuals who have managed to give their addictive habit start to show signs and symptoms of the behaviour again.
BIOLOGICAL MODEL
They say that it is an illness.
Addiction is an illness therefore the problem is within the person.
Because it is an illness, it can be cured.
We are born with something and that something is triggered off. More likely to be addicted to it.
If a person quits their addiction, a biological predisposition makes relapse more likely.
The role of dopamine in addiction
Initiation-
Research shows addiction always stimulates the reward circuit in the brain. Rewarding experiences triggers the release of dopamine and effectively tell the brain to ‘do it again’.
Maintance – Drugs eventually result in a reduction in the activity of positive reward circuits in the brain. The negative state then become in dominant driving force in the drug calling. The individual doesn’t take the drug for pleasure, but takes it to avoid unpleasement. Because of this, they need more of the drug.
Relapse – Eventually the desire for the drug may assume more importance than more other desires. The frontal cortex has become less effective at making decisions and judging the consequences of action. Imminent reward that forces the addict to take the drugs.
The endogenous opiod system
This is a type of addiction.
It also includes the brain.
Transmitters in the brain include enkeohain and the endorphins.
PSYCHOLOGY REVISION-
MRS DAWSON
Models of addiction
There are different models of addiction, these are the biological model, the cognitive model and the social learning model.
Initiation – this refers to the process where individuals start to become addictive
Maintance – this is the process whereby people continue to behave addictively even in the face of adverse consequences
Relapse – this is the process whereby individuals who have managed to give their addictive habit start to show signs and symptoms of the behaviour again.
BIOLOGICAL MODEL
They say that it is an illness.
Addiction is an illness therefore the problem is within the person.
Because it is an illness, it can be cured.
We are born with something and that something is triggered off. More likely to be addicted to it.
If a person quits their addiction, a biological predisposition makes relapse more likely.
The role of dopamine in addiction
Initiation-
Research shows addiction always stimulates the reward circuit in the brain. Rewarding experiences triggers the release of dopamine and effectively tell the brain to ‘do it again’.
Maintance – Drugs eventually result in a reduction in the activity of positive reward circuits in the brain. The negative state then become in dominant driving force in the drug calling. The individual doesn’t take the drug for pleasure, but takes it to avoid unpleasement. Because of this, they need more of the drug.
Relapse – Eventually the desire for the drug may assume more importance than more other desires. The frontal cortex has become less effective at making decisions and judging the consequences of action. Imminent reward that forces the addict to take the drugs.
The endogenous opiod system
This is a type of addiction.
It also includes the brain.
Transmitters in the brain include enkeohain and the endorphins.