Psychology
Quiz 2 Ch. 15: PP 467-70; 471-73; 474-77; and 480-83
Ch. 16: PP. 497-501; 505-510.
Chapter 15-Health Psychology * Health psychology: a field that explores how biological, psychological, and social/environmental factors interact to influence physical health * Factors that affect health (they all interact with each other): * Biological factors (genetic makeup, age, gender) influence on our susceptibility to disease * Environmental factors (stress, culture) * Psychological factors (smoking, eating fatty food)—we can engage in behaviors that enhance our health or worsen our health * Beginning of 20th century, the leading causes of death besides cardiovascular disease were infectious diseases, influenza, pneumonia, tuberculosis * Improving medicine have reduced the death rate * In 21st century, leading causes of death are influenced by psychological and social factors like smoking, diet, stress, cancer * Fight-or flight response: bodily changes like increased heart rate and elevated blood pressure prepare the body to either face the threat or flee from it * Takes place when the hypothalamus releases corticotropin, which signals the pituitary gland to secrete adrenocorticotropic hormone, resulting in the release of a group of hormones, including cortisol * Mild stressors also trigger this * Allostatic load: occur when a person cannot escape chronic stress—cannot fight for flee from it * Can be caused by persistent uncontrollable and unpredictable stress * Many factors (gender, minority status, SES status, culture) can affect our exposure to uncontrollable and unpredictable events * Psychological factors/general health (resilient=people not easily affected by stress) * Appraisals and Pessimism * Pessimistic: seeing negative events as own faults * Causing chronic arousal, resulting in physiological
Ch. 16: PP. 497-501; 505-510.
Chapter 15-Health Psychology * Health psychology: a field that explores how biological, psychological, and social/environmental factors interact to influence physical health * Factors that affect health (they all interact with each other): * Biological factors (genetic makeup, age, gender) influence on our susceptibility to disease * Environmental factors (stress, culture) * Psychological factors (smoking, eating fatty food)—we can engage in behaviors that enhance our health or worsen our health * Beginning of 20th century, the leading causes of death besides cardiovascular disease were infectious diseases, influenza, pneumonia, tuberculosis * Improving medicine have reduced the death rate * In 21st century, leading causes of death are influenced by psychological and social factors like smoking, diet, stress, cancer * Fight-or flight response: bodily changes like increased heart rate and elevated blood pressure prepare the body to either face the threat or flee from it * Takes place when the hypothalamus releases corticotropin, which signals the pituitary gland to secrete adrenocorticotropic hormone, resulting in the release of a group of hormones, including cortisol * Mild stressors also trigger this * Allostatic load: occur when a person cannot escape chronic stress—cannot fight for flee from it * Can be caused by persistent uncontrollable and unpredictable stress * Many factors (gender, minority status, SES status, culture) can affect our exposure to uncontrollable and unpredictable events * Psychological factors/general health (resilient=people not easily affected by stress) * Appraisals and Pessimism * Pessimistic: seeing negative events as own faults * Causing chronic arousal, resulting in physiological