Psyc 1100 Quiz 2 Study Guide

* Descriptive Statistics * What they are (Some examples) * Frequency Distributions * Central Tendency * Mean: Average * Median: Middle Number * Mode: Number that most comes up (rarely used in behavior statistics) * Graphs * Pie Charts * Bar Graphs, etc. * What they’re used for * Descriptive statistics aim to summarize a sample, rather than use the data to learn about the population that the sample of data is thought to represent. * What they tell you about your data * Help you catch any errors or potential problems. * Help you understand and visualize your data. * Help you “clean” your data. * What they don’t tell you about your data. * Cannot infer anything from descriptive statistics; they only describe the data * Cannot be generalized to any larger group * Inferential Statistics * What they are (one example) * Linear regression analyses * Logistics regression analyses * What they’re used for * What they can tell you that descriptives can’t * Allow you to compare means definitively. * Allow you to make inferences, draw conclusions. * Allow you to make causal statements. “The drug caused memory problems”. * What is the t-test used to compare? * Incent by William Sealy Gosset, 1908 * It is used to determine whether two means are from the same population or two different populations. * How do you interpret the p value? * 5% risk is acceptable * If p < 0.05, your results are significant. * If p > 0.05, your results are not significant.

* Experimental Design * Terminology (IV, DV, Confound, Control, etc.) * Hypothesis: a testable prediction or statement about how variables are related * Dependent variable: the variable