Process is at the heart of most organizations sustainability impact and it is the process that consumes the most resources ("Manufacturing Skills Australia," n.d.). A product can be physical or service based as seen in health care where the process is the product. All processes have the potential for waste therefore understanding processes can help an organization eliminate waste. Process and product improvement is more than merely tweaking a process or two or upgrading a product. Process improvement is a systematic data-guided activity designed to improve operations and will often reduce energy and…
The major life-cycle processes that are in scope and out of scope (analysis, design, testing)…
The marketing objective for the iPod MP3 player is to be the leading supplier of MP3 players in all markets in which the company operates and to increase brand awareness to 60 percent of its customers. iPod’s marketing strategies is differentiated the market for their products are characterized in gender, age, and the desire for image. The Apple iPod is targeted at teenagers and young adults.…
Ans – Most Industries have a life cycle, similar to a product life cycle but much longer. Different strategies are required at different points in an industry lifecycle phase or stage.…
Project life Cycle: The way the project was planned, designed and implemented helped with the success of the…
Realy Health is a company that has operated in the Health Care environment for several years. This organization has developed a platform whereby patients are able to communicate with their doctors on-line for consultations. (https://www.relayhealth.com/default.aspx). The adoption of this service has been slowly growing for many years but has not received widespread acceptance in the marketplace by physician groups although there are many benefits that can be discerned from the platform for patients, or employers who might employees who have doctors who are on such a platform. And, insurers such as Blue Cross and Cigna have also begun to accept that on-line visits are acceptable and are moving increasingly to reimbursing this approach. In spite of this growing trend less than 3% of the family physicians in the American Academy of Family practice report doing e-visits.(1)…
ISO [7,9-11] are flexible and not very detailed, the goaldefinition phase is of paramount importance for defining…
The life cycle assessment or analysis (LCA) is a process to accessing the environmental burdens inserted by the production process. With the identification and qualification of the energy types adopted, material used and the corresponding process of wastes releasing to the natural environment so as to evaluate the impact of those usage in terms of energy & material consumption and the released by-product to the nature with the reorganization and estimation to the opportunities for the achieving of environmental improvements [ (SETAC, 1991; SETAC, 1993; SETAC Europe, 1997) ].…
The life cycle assessment focused on global warming emissions of a battery electric car from its manufacturing to its disposal and compared it to that of a gasoline-powered car. The life cycle assessment has also taken into account the fact that powering up electric cars contributes to the emission of more greenhouse gases. Therefore, an electric car emits global warming emissions even in its Use…
Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is a tool for the systematic evaluation of the environmental aspects of a product or service system through all stages of its life cycle.1Understanding the environmental impacts of your operations, products, services or technology will improve humankind’s relationship to the environment, but is also a strategy to ensure a business’s viability in today’s rapidly evolving economies. As we, embark in our first venture challenge; I will conduct a life cycle assessment (LCA) on the laser printer ink toner used in printing our product labels and its carbon footprint impact on the environment. The five different stages of the LCA that…
All of the life cycle processes can be identified in this case. Coca-Cola was able to identify the issue of impacting the environment of the local community. TCCC was able to analyze the issue after it was brought to…
Companies such as the Ford Motor Company need future regulation, government priorities and technological developments in order to achieve sustainability. For understanding the end-of-life on a Ford Motor Company vehicle we must define the life cycle concept. By material life cycle I refer to ?Consecutive and interlinked stages of a product or service system, from the extraction of natural resources to the final disposal. ? , as written in the International Organization of Standards (ISO) norm 14040.2. With the knowledge of the life cycle path we can define the ?Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) ?which is also stated under the same above ISO regulation as This concept he ?Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) ?is ?A systematic set of procedures for compiling and examining the inputs and outputs of materials and energy and the associated environmental impacts directly attributable to the functioning of a product or service system throughout its life cycle.?1. Life Cycle Assessment is a process to evaluate the environmental burdens associated with a product, process, or activity by identifying the quantity of energy and materials used and wastes released to the environment; and being able to…
1. Introduction Life cycle assessment (LCA), i.e. the systematic inventory and evaluation of environmental impacts of a product “from the cradle to the grave”, is an emerging tool. On the one hand it is used by governments, e.g. when establishing ecolabelling criteria for certain product groups or when defining mandatory re-use or recycling quotas as done in the context of the German packaging ordinance. On the other hand it is increasingly applied by companies for the identification of environmental weak spots in products and for product development [1–3]1. But has the use of this new and promising tool ever yielded environmental improvements? ¨ The IOW has addressed this question in a project funded by the Ministry of Environment and Transport of Baden-Wurttemberg. The core of our research has ¨ been the description and evaluation of eight case studies…
Keywords ISO 14000, Design, Environment, International standards, Product life cycle Abstract It is proposed that by adopting design for the environment (DFE) principles, US companies can easily comply with the environmental portion of the International Standards Organization (ISO) 14000 standards and become competitive in today 's global market. DFE concepts present unique challenges to designers and introduce significant changes in the company 's market share and profitability without sacrificing sustainable development. The design engineers must ask and answer questions about the life cycle of the product and its production process. Their goal is reducing overall production costs and environmental impact of waste production and disposal by optimizing energy and material consumption, minimizing waste generation, or by reusing process output waste streams as raw materials for other processes. Application of DFE principles in the first stages of process design can change a product life cycle by not only reducing overall cost, but also the environmental impact of production and disposal.…
Boks, C., McAloone, T. (2009). Transitions in Sustainable Product Design Research. International Journal of Product Development, 9(4):429-449.…