Process- Abd Content-Based Theories of Motivation
Introduction.
The main task of the manager (after setting the goals and the time frames) is to organize the work process, in particular to force employees to work. You must somehow motivate them to induce to action. It is clear that the main motivating factor are wages, but there are many other factors that cause a person to work with.
Motivation is a way to encourage yourself and others to action purposefully to achieve the goal. It is a certain external factor affecting the person and his inner state, which increases person's desire to work.
Content-based theories
Content-based theories of motivation based on identification of the internal motives that make people act in a certain way. These theories are related to the studies of human needs and mechanism of their influence on the process of motivation. In this case “the needs” mean physiological or psychological sense of lack of anything. Need cannot be observed directly, but its existence can be judged by what man does, because that is the factor that largely determines people's behavior.
All content-based theories of motivation complement and extend each other. The figure 1 shows their comparative characteristics Figure 1 Overview of content-based theories of motivation
Maslow identifies five main categories of needs, which are arranged in a pyramid (Fig. 8.2). Maslow's theory suggests that the most basic level of needs must be met before the individual will strongly desire (or focus motivation upon) the secondary or higher level needs. Figure 2. Maslow's hierarchy of needs
1. For the most part, physiological needs are obvious — they are the literal requirements for human survival. If these requirements are not met, the human body simply cannot continue to function.
2. With their physical needs relatively satisfied, the individual's safety needs take precedence and dominate behavior. In the world of work, these safety needs manifest themselves in such
The main task of the manager (after setting the goals and the time frames) is to organize the work process, in particular to force employees to work. You must somehow motivate them to induce to action. It is clear that the main motivating factor are wages, but there are many other factors that cause a person to work with.
Motivation is a way to encourage yourself and others to action purposefully to achieve the goal. It is a certain external factor affecting the person and his inner state, which increases person's desire to work.
Content-based theories
Content-based theories of motivation based on identification of the internal motives that make people act in a certain way. These theories are related to the studies of human needs and mechanism of their influence on the process of motivation. In this case “the needs” mean physiological or psychological sense of lack of anything. Need cannot be observed directly, but its existence can be judged by what man does, because that is the factor that largely determines people's behavior.
All content-based theories of motivation complement and extend each other. The figure 1 shows their comparative characteristics Figure 1 Overview of content-based theories of motivation
Maslow identifies five main categories of needs, which are arranged in a pyramid (Fig. 8.2). Maslow's theory suggests that the most basic level of needs must be met before the individual will strongly desire (or focus motivation upon) the secondary or higher level needs. Figure 2. Maslow's hierarchy of needs
1. For the most part, physiological needs are obvious — they are the literal requirements for human survival. If these requirements are not met, the human body simply cannot continue to function.
2. With their physical needs relatively satisfied, the individual's safety needs take precedence and dominate behavior. In the world of work, these safety needs manifest themselves in such