Prison Development in India
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
Crime is the outcome of a diseased mind and jail must have an environment of hospital for treatment and care.
- Mahatma Gandhi
A prison is a place in which people are physically confined and usually deprived of a range of personal freedoms. Imprisonment or incarceration is a legal penalty that may be imposed by the state for the commission of a crime. Prisons are not normal places. The prisoners are deprived of freedom and normal contacts with families and friends. The deadening disciplines, fear, helplessness which are inherent in the prison system produce mental stagnation. The emotional and material deprivations cause frustration.
Prison is a State subject under List-II of the Seventh Schedule to the Constitution of India. The management and administration of Prisons falls exclusively in the domain of the State Governments, and is governed by the Prisons Act, 1894 and the Prison Manuals of the respective State Governments. Thus, States have the primary role, responsibility and authority to change the current prison laws, rules and regulations. And Central government providing assistance to the States to improve security in prisons, repair and renovation of old prisons, medical facilities, development of borstal schools, facilities to women offenders, vocational training, modernization of prison industries, training to prison personnel, and for the creation of high security enclosure.
In its judgments on various aspects of prison administration, the Supreme Court of India has laid down three broad principles regarding imprisonment and custody.
Firstly, a person in prison does not become a non-person;
Secondly, a person in prison is entitled to all human rights within the limitations of imprisonment; and,
Lastly there is no justification for aggravating the suffering already inherent in the process of incarceration.
Therefore statistical information on prison administration
INTRODUCTION
Crime is the outcome of a diseased mind and jail must have an environment of hospital for treatment and care.
- Mahatma Gandhi
A prison is a place in which people are physically confined and usually deprived of a range of personal freedoms. Imprisonment or incarceration is a legal penalty that may be imposed by the state for the commission of a crime. Prisons are not normal places. The prisoners are deprived of freedom and normal contacts with families and friends. The deadening disciplines, fear, helplessness which are inherent in the prison system produce mental stagnation. The emotional and material deprivations cause frustration.
Prison is a State subject under List-II of the Seventh Schedule to the Constitution of India. The management and administration of Prisons falls exclusively in the domain of the State Governments, and is governed by the Prisons Act, 1894 and the Prison Manuals of the respective State Governments. Thus, States have the primary role, responsibility and authority to change the current prison laws, rules and regulations. And Central government providing assistance to the States to improve security in prisons, repair and renovation of old prisons, medical facilities, development of borstal schools, facilities to women offenders, vocational training, modernization of prison industries, training to prison personnel, and for the creation of high security enclosure.
In its judgments on various aspects of prison administration, the Supreme Court of India has laid down three broad principles regarding imprisonment and custody.
Firstly, a person in prison does not become a non-person;
Secondly, a person in prison is entitled to all human rights within the limitations of imprisonment; and,
Lastly there is no justification for aggravating the suffering already inherent in the process of incarceration.
Therefore statistical information on prison administration