Pre Eclampsia Essay
Definition
Pre-eclampsia is pregnancy induced hypertension usually accompanied by raised blood pressure and proteinuria, mainly diagnosed after week 20 and convulsion may occur. From 3% to 7% affected by pre-eclampsia and it is the major cause for morbidity and mortality. Diabetes, chronic hypertension and obesity are the main risk factors for pre-eclampsia (Maeda, 1954).
It classified into three categories
1. Mild 150/99 mmHg
2. Moderate 160/109 mmHg
3. Severe < 160/110mmHg Causes
1. Excessive inflammation
2. Angiogenic imbalance
3. Enlarged uterus
4. Metabolic changes
5. Immunological disorders
6. Blood vessels damage
Symptoms
1. Headache
2. Weight gain
3. Edema
4. Blurred vision
5. Abdominal pain
6. Nausea and vomiting
7. Impaired liver function
8. Thrombocytopenia
9. Proteinuria which is an excessive loss of protein in urine
10. Kidney disorder
Diagnosis
First, class of hypertension must be identified as mild, moderate or severe. Measurement stated that hypertension in pregnancy is greater than 160/110mmHg. Blood pressure is measured continually for confirmation of hypertension type during pregnancy. Second, proteinuria level is measured, but it is not a specific test. Level of protein in blood is about 3 g/l over 24 hour urine test (Maeda 2013).
Biochemical changes
1. Serum creatinine is more than 0.09 units and oliguria
2. …show more content…
For treatment, antihypertensive drugs are necessary to decrease the risk of hemorrhage or acute pulmonary edema. . Nicardipine, labetalol, clonidine, and dihydralazine are the main antihypertensive drugs prescribed for first line treatment. Corticosteroids are taken to reduce the risk of neonatal mortality and intra-vnetricular hemorrhage. For second line treatment, magnesium sulfate is recommended in convulsion treatment. Also, diuretics are added to antihypertensive drugs such as furosemides (Yellon,
Pre-eclampsia is pregnancy induced hypertension usually accompanied by raised blood pressure and proteinuria, mainly diagnosed after week 20 and convulsion may occur. From 3% to 7% affected by pre-eclampsia and it is the major cause for morbidity and mortality. Diabetes, chronic hypertension and obesity are the main risk factors for pre-eclampsia (Maeda, 1954).
It classified into three categories
1. Mild 150/99 mmHg
2. Moderate 160/109 mmHg
3. Severe < 160/110mmHg Causes
1. Excessive inflammation
2. Angiogenic imbalance
3. Enlarged uterus
4. Metabolic changes
5. Immunological disorders
6. Blood vessels damage
Symptoms
1. Headache
2. Weight gain
3. Edema
4. Blurred vision
5. Abdominal pain
6. Nausea and vomiting
7. Impaired liver function
8. Thrombocytopenia
9. Proteinuria which is an excessive loss of protein in urine
10. Kidney disorder
Diagnosis
First, class of hypertension must be identified as mild, moderate or severe. Measurement stated that hypertension in pregnancy is greater than 160/110mmHg. Blood pressure is measured continually for confirmation of hypertension type during pregnancy. Second, proteinuria level is measured, but it is not a specific test. Level of protein in blood is about 3 g/l over 24 hour urine test (Maeda 2013).
Biochemical changes
1. Serum creatinine is more than 0.09 units and oliguria
2. …show more content…
For treatment, antihypertensive drugs are necessary to decrease the risk of hemorrhage or acute pulmonary edema. . Nicardipine, labetalol, clonidine, and dihydralazine are the main antihypertensive drugs prescribed for first line treatment. Corticosteroids are taken to reduce the risk of neonatal mortality and intra-vnetricular hemorrhage. For second line treatment, magnesium sulfate is recommended in convulsion treatment. Also, diuretics are added to antihypertensive drugs such as furosemides (Yellon,