Postdoctoral Fellow
Intensive and Critical Care Nursing (2011) 27, 202—210
available at www.sciencedirect.com
journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/iccn
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Development of a scale for ‘‘difficulties felt by ICU nurses providing end-of-life care’’ (DFINE): A survey study
Satomi Kinoshita a,∗, Mitsunori Miyashita b a Department of Nursing, Kanagawa University of Human Services, Faculty of Health & Social Work, School of Nursing, 1-10-1 Heiseicho, Yokosuka city, Kanagawa 238-8522, Japan b Department of Palliative Nursing, Health Sciences, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan Accepted 25 April 2011
KEYWORDS
Intensive care unit; End-of-life care; Difficulties felt by ICU nurses; Scale development
Summary Objectives: To develop a scale for assessing ‘‘difficulties felt by intensive care unit (ICU) nurses providing end-of-life care’’ (DFINE). Design and setting: A questionnaire survey of nurses in ICUs at general hospitals in the Kanto region, Japan. Main outcome measures: The scale was evaluated by exploratory factor analysis, calculation of Cronbach’s ˛ and test—retest reliability. The Frommelt Attitudes Toward Care of the Dying Scale (FATCOD-B-J) and the Nursing Job Stressor Scale (NJSS) were used to investigate concurrent validity. Results: Respondents were 224 ICU nurses (response rate, 78%) at 18 hospitals. Five factors comprising 28 items were identified, involving difficulties related to: ‘‘the purpose of the ICU is recovery and survival’’; ‘‘nursing system and model nurse for end-of-life care’’; ‘‘building confidence in end-of-life care’’; ‘‘caring for patients and families at end-of-life’’; and ‘‘converting from curative care to end-of-life care’’. Cronbach’s ˛ for each factor ranged from 0.61 to 0.8. In terms of test—retest reliability, intraclass correlations for each factor ranged from 0.62 to 0.72. ‘‘Building confidence in end-of-life care’’ in DFINE showed a negative correlation with ‘‘positive attitudes
available at www.sciencedirect.com
journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/iccn
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Development of a scale for ‘‘difficulties felt by ICU nurses providing end-of-life care’’ (DFINE): A survey study
Satomi Kinoshita a,∗, Mitsunori Miyashita b a Department of Nursing, Kanagawa University of Human Services, Faculty of Health & Social Work, School of Nursing, 1-10-1 Heiseicho, Yokosuka city, Kanagawa 238-8522, Japan b Department of Palliative Nursing, Health Sciences, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan Accepted 25 April 2011
KEYWORDS
Intensive care unit; End-of-life care; Difficulties felt by ICU nurses; Scale development
Summary Objectives: To develop a scale for assessing ‘‘difficulties felt by intensive care unit (ICU) nurses providing end-of-life care’’ (DFINE). Design and setting: A questionnaire survey of nurses in ICUs at general hospitals in the Kanto region, Japan. Main outcome measures: The scale was evaluated by exploratory factor analysis, calculation of Cronbach’s ˛ and test—retest reliability. The Frommelt Attitudes Toward Care of the Dying Scale (FATCOD-B-J) and the Nursing Job Stressor Scale (NJSS) were used to investigate concurrent validity. Results: Respondents were 224 ICU nurses (response rate, 78%) at 18 hospitals. Five factors comprising 28 items were identified, involving difficulties related to: ‘‘the purpose of the ICU is recovery and survival’’; ‘‘nursing system and model nurse for end-of-life care’’; ‘‘building confidence in end-of-life care’’; ‘‘caring for patients and families at end-of-life’’; and ‘‘converting from curative care to end-of-life care’’. Cronbach’s ˛ for each factor ranged from 0.61 to 0.8. In terms of test—retest reliability, intraclass correlations for each factor ranged from 0.62 to 0.72. ‘‘Building confidence in end-of-life care’’ in DFINE showed a negative correlation with ‘‘positive attitudes