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Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, Depression, and Anxiety Disorders: Correlation in Patients When Treated and Untreated

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Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, Depression, and Anxiety Disorders: Correlation in Patients When Treated and Untreated
Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, Depression, and Anxiety Disorders: Correlation in Patients When Treated and Untreated
Misty Caldwell & Evelyn Sheets
Wytheville Community College
Life Span Development PSY 232-95
November 2, 2011
Ann Benson

Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, Depression, and Anxiety Disorders: Correlation in Patients When Treated and Untreated

What is post-traumatic stress disorder? In this paper we review what post-traumatic stress disorder is, how this disorder affects individuals, how individuals cope, and how individuals function in a modern society. In this paper we will show the signs and symptoms to be watchful for, as well as, where to go to for help and the different types of treatment available, for example, medication, types of behavioral therapy and alternative therapies, such as acupuncture and aromatherapy. We also discuss the types of trauma that could lead to PTSD, depression and other anxiety disorders, for example, abuse, accidents, hate crimes and war. We discuss the correlation between PTSD and depression, and other anxiety disorders; we discuss dependency in the victim; we provide discussion about non-treatment results, as well as the dangers of thought suppression and the dangers of abusing drugs and alcohol. We also discuss how childhood abuse affects an individual’s health later in life; how post-traumatic stress disorder could lead to more problems if left untreated, such as depression, anxiety disorders, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes in both adults and adolescents. [Kendall-Tackett, (2002), Kendall-Tackett, Marshall & Ness (2003); Groer, Thomas, Evans, Helton, & Weldon (2006); Kendall-Tackett (2007, April); Kendall-Tackett (2007, Spring/Summer); Kendall-Tackett (2007, Winter); Kendall-Tackett (2008); Kendall-Tackett & Klest (2009)]
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
What is Post-traumatic Stress Disorder? Who does it affect? How do we help someone who has been through a traumatic experience?


References: Cukor, J., et al., (2009); Emerging treatments for PTSD, Clinical Psychology Review, doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2009.09.001 Falsetti, S Farrell, L. & Barrett, P. (2007) Prevention of childhood emotional disorders: Reducing the burden of suffering associated with anxiety and depression; Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Volume 12, Number 2, pp 58-65 Figley, C Gaudiano, B. & Zimmerman, M. (2010) The relationship between childhood trauma history and the psychotic subtype of major depression; Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 121: 462-470 Gillespie, C., Phifer, J., Bradley, B., & Ressler, K Goff, M., (2011); Acupuncture for the treatment of PTSD. School of Physician Assistant Studies. Paper 262 Gostecnik, C., Repic, T., Cvetek, M., and Cvetek, R Harmon, K., (2009, February), Aromatherapy can help PTSD, Alternative medicinal treatments; Military Spouse, pp 48-49 Hovens, J., Wiersma, J., Giltay, E., van Oppen, P., Spinhiven, P., Penninx, B., & Zitman, F Kendall-Tackett, K., Marshall, R., Ness, K. (2003) Chronic pain syndromes and violence against women; Women and Therapy, Volume 26, pp 45-56 Kendall-Tackett, K Kendall-Tackett, K, (2007, October); Diagnosis and treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD): Compatibility of treatment choices with breastfeeding; Medications and More Newsletter, Volume 23, pp 1-3 Kendall-Tackett, K Kinnier, R., Hofsess, C., Pongratz, R., & Lambert, C. (2009) Attributions and affirmations for overcoming anxiety and depression; Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice, 82, pp 153-169 Kissel, C Nock, M. K., Hwang, I, Sampson, N. A., and Kessler, R. C. (2010); Mental disorders, comorbidity and suicidal behavior: Results from the national comorbidity survey replication; Molecular Psychiatry; 15: 868-876 Nugent, N Ozer, E. J., and Weiss, D. S. (2004); Who develops posttraumatic stress disorder?; American Psychological Society; Volume 13, Number 4; pp. 169-172 Resnick, P Smith, M., Robinson, L., & Segal, J. (2011, June) Antidepressants: What you need to know about depression medication; retrieved on October 18, 2011 from http://helpguide.org/mental/medications_depression.htm Smith, M., Robinson, L., & Segal, J Smith, M., Barston, S., & Segal, J. (2011, October) Teen depression: A guide for parents and teachers; retrieved on October, 18, 2011 from http://helpguide.org/mental/depression_teen.htm Smith, M., Segal, R., & Segal, J Taft, C. T., Resnick, P. A., Watkins, L. E., and Panzio, J. (2009); An investigation of posttraumatic stress disorder and depressive symptomatology among female victims of interpersonal trauma; Journal of Family Violence; 24: 407-415 Van der Kolk, B
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