Pinrenne Thesis

1.) The Pirenne Thesis The Pirenne Thesis was proposed by Henri Pierenne while he was a prisoner of war during WW1. His idea was primarily that the shape and control of Medieval land was determined by the control of waterways. He said that these waterways created trading hubs that dominated economic and political power in itself. He also contained that Islam did more to expand things than Charlemagne did. He is quoted as saying, "Without Islam, the Frankish Empire would have probably never existed, and Charlemagne, without Muhammad, would be inconceivable. " His theory at the time was highly controversial and was the cause of great ostracism for the rest of his life. Since his death though, his theory has gained more and more credibility
It divided Christianity into two parts. The Catholic church to the west and the Orthodox church to the east. This split the church into different theological, political, military, and geographic divisions. Many thought it would lessen the impact of the church in matters of the state, but it only went to further strengthen it in their local areas.

3.) Concordat of Worms This was an agreement between the Pope and the Holy Roman Emperors. It allowed the kings to give political power to the bishops and to appoint them for political purposes. The Pope retained the power though for all matters of a spiritual and religious nature in regards to ruling bishops. The meeting was between Pope Calixtus II and Holy Roman Emporer Henry V on September 23, 1122. The idea behind the meeting was to bring to an end all the power struggles between the two sides.

4.) Franciscans/ Dominicans The Franciscans and the Dominicans are the two greatest orders of begging friars. Both were established by Honorious III in 1216 and 1223 respectively. The were established later once the Pope had more power to create arms that we able to do his specific bidding. The are important because they were able to execute the desires and wishes of the Pope and be used as a great tool of force during power
He was born in the city of Mecca in 570AD. Early in his life he had to flee from Mecca to the near by Medina to escape persecution from nearby tribes. He gained notoriety as a prophet because of the claimed visions he received from his god Allah during his life. He began to compile these revelations he said he was receiving into a book, known as the Koran. He gained the reputation of a warrior out of necessity. His claims and lifestyle was met with opposition from those around him. His teachings claimed that those around him were out of the will of his god and they were wrong. He decried polytheism and idol worship and said that everyone needed to worship only his god allah. Many people therefore began to see him as a threat and infidel so he had to become a skilled warrior and military leader just to be able to survive. It is easy now to look back and see how the life of Muhammad has gone a long way to shape the rest of human