Eisenhower] coined the phrase ‘military-industrial complex’ (M.I.C) in an attempt to raise the public consciousness about the undue influence of militarization in society” (Kraska, 5). This was a warning of a growing connection between the government and the military, as well as the weapon and equipment industry that supplies the latter. However, Eisenhower did not predict that this trend would be tied to the country’s new response to domestic crime that would later develop towards the end of and after the Cold War. “Why have police gone the military route? It dates to the riots of the 1960s, attacks on the police by radical groups in the 1970s, and the war on drugs in the 1980s and 1990s. Then came the war on terror” (USA Today). The United States has constructed a national threat out of civilian crime, “waging war” on its citizens as if they are enemies. The use of this terminology has reinforced an already intense fear of crime and contributes to a growing gap between officer and civilian and treats the latter as malevolent on a national scale. As seen in Stephen Hill and Randall Beger’s citations of Tony Fitzpatrick and Jude McCulloch, this plan of action is attributed to a need to handle criminals that operate across national borders. Whether this need is a result of external factors (exogenous) or internal factors (endogenous) is unclear (28). Whatever the cause of this dangerous ideology, it has created an environment that
Eisenhower] coined the phrase ‘military-industrial complex’ (M.I.C) in an attempt to raise the public consciousness about the undue influence of militarization in society” (Kraska, 5). This was a warning of a growing connection between the government and the military, as well as the weapon and equipment industry that supplies the latter. However, Eisenhower did not predict that this trend would be tied to the country’s new response to domestic crime that would later develop towards the end of and after the Cold War. “Why have police gone the military route? It dates to the riots of the 1960s, attacks on the police by radical groups in the 1970s, and the war on drugs in the 1980s and 1990s. Then came the war on terror” (USA Today). The United States has constructed a national threat out of civilian crime, “waging war” on its citizens as if they are enemies. The use of this terminology has reinforced an already intense fear of crime and contributes to a growing gap between officer and civilian and treats the latter as malevolent on a national scale. As seen in Stephen Hill and Randall Beger’s citations of Tony Fitzpatrick and Jude McCulloch, this plan of action is attributed to a need to handle criminals that operate across national borders. Whether this need is a result of external factors (exogenous) or internal factors (endogenous) is unclear (28). Whatever the cause of this dangerous ideology, it has created an environment that