Pdf.Doc

A SUMMER TRAINING REPORT
ON

OPERATION AND MAINTANANCE OF SUBSTATION UPCL

BY

SMITA DOBHAL - (07090105048)

Submitted to the Department of Electrical Engineering
In partial fulfillment of requirements for the award of Degree of
Bachelor of Technology
In
Electrical Engineering

Department of
Electrical Engineering
GOVIND BALLABH PANT ENGINEERING COLLEGE
UTTARAKHAND TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY
GHURDAURI,PAURI GARHWAL
UTTARAKHAND, India. 2007-2011

TABLE OF CONTENTS

DECLARATION…………………………………………………………………………….3

CERTIFICATE…………………………………………………………………………....…4

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS…………………………………………………………….....…5

CHAPTER 1 (INTRODUCTION)………………………………………………………..….6

1.1 About the Substation....…………………………..……………………………………6

1.2 Power Station………………………………………………………………………….7

1.2.1 Principle of Power Station…………………………………………………….……7

CHAPTER 2 (TRANSFORMER)……………………………………………………..…….9

2.1 Transformer..................................................................................................................9

2.1.1 Basic Principle………………………………………………………………..…….9

2.1.2 Induction law………………………………………………………………….……9

2.1.3 Ideal power equation…………………………………………………………..…..10

2.1.4 Detailed Operation…………………………………………………………………10

2.2 Types………………………………………………………………………………….11

2.2.1 Power Transformer………………………………………………………………. 11

2.2.2 Instrument Transformer…………………………………………………..……….12

2.2.3 Pulse Transformer ………………………………………………………………...13 2.2.4 RF Transformer……………………………………………………………………13

2.2.5 Audio Transformer……………………………………………………...…………13

CHAPTER 3 (RELAYS)……………………………………………………………………14

3.1 Relays………………………………………………………………………...……….14 3.1.1 Basic Design and Operation………… …………………………………...…….….14

3.2 Types…………………………………………………………………………….……15

3.2.1 Latching