Pavlovian Discrimination Training Paper

Concept Any class (i.e., group, category) the members of which share one or more defining features.
CS+ In Pavlovian discrimination training, the stimulus that is regularly paired with a US. (Cf. CS–.)
CS– In Pavlovian discrimination training, the stimulus that regularly appears in the absence of the US. (Cf. CS+.)
Differential outcomes effect The finding that discrimination training proceeds more rapidly when different behaviors produce different reinforcers. Abbreviated DOE.
Discrimination The tendency for a behavior to occur in the presence of certain stimuli, but not in their absence. (Cf. generalization.)
DOE See differential outcomes effect.
Errorless discrimination training A form of discrimination training in which
Generalization The tendency for a learned behavior to occur in the presence of stimuli that were not present during training. (Cf. discrimination.)
Generalization gradient Any graphic representation of generalization data.
Inhibitory gradient In Spence's theory of generalization and discrimination, a gradient showing a decreased tendency to respond to the S– or CS– and stimuli resembling them. (Cf. excitatory gradient.)
Matching to sample A discrimination training procedure in which the task is to select from two or more comparison stimuli the one that matches a sample. Abbreviated MTS.
Mismatching A variation of matching to sample in which reinforcement is available for selecting the comparison stimulus that is different from the sample. Also called oddity matching.
Oddity matching See mismatching.
Peak shift The tendency following discrimination training for the peak of responding in a generalization gradient to shift away from the CS– or S–.
S+ A stimulus in the presence of which a behavior will be reinforced. Also called SD, pronounced ess-dee. (Cf.
Experimental economics The use of reinforcement schedules, among other techniques, to study economic principles. Also called behavioral economics.
FD schedule See fixed duration schedule.
FI schedule See fixed interval schedule.
Fixed duration schedule A reinforcement schedule in which reinforcement is contingent on the continuous performance of a behavior for a fixed period of time. -Abbreviated FD. (Cf. variable duration schedule.)
Fixed interval schedule A reinforcement schedule in which a behavior is reinforced the first time it occurs following a specified interval since the last reinforcement. -Abbreviated FI. (Cf. variable interval schedule.)
Fixed ratio schedule A reinforcement schedule in which every nth performance of a behavior is reinforced. Abbreviated FR. (Cf. variable ratio schedule.)
Fixed time schedule A reinforcement schedule in which reinforcement is delivered independently of behavior at fixed intervals. Abbreviated FT. (Cf. variable time schedule.)
FR schedule See fixed ratio