15. What did the Zionist movement aim to do and who was its leader? p.744…
In his book My Promised Land(2013), Ari Shavit elucidates the history of Zionism and that it has allowed the Jewish people to create the nation of Israel. Shavit, being a descendant of one of the people involved heavily with the first members of Zionism, Herbert Bentwich, uses family history, and when needing more information, conducts interviews with many people involved in the modern history of Israel. Shavit uses interviews, personal anecdotes, quotations from figures in the past, and historical accounts of Jewish history. Ari Shavit deeply studies the history of Israel and the Jewish people in order to understand the present day conflict and hopefully attempt to solve some of the many problems. Shavit writes to a reader who is experienced…
o 1. In response to the Christian Socialists who believed that Jews were suppose to be suppressed- Theodore Herzl establishes his idea of Zionism in his book “Der Judenstat”…
One morning at breakfast, Rueven mentions to Reb Saunders that many Jews were saying it was time that Palestine became a Jewish homeland instead of a place where “pious Jews went to die”. Reb Saunders replied in an outrage, “his eyes suddenly wide with rage, his beard trembling” (Potok 197). He yells that “When the Messiah comes, we will have Eretz Yisroel, a Holy Land, not a land contaminated by Jewish goyim!” (Potok 198). His outburst reflects the anti-Zionist belief of the time that a secular Jewish state would be a sacrilege, a violation of the Torah. His outrage would not surprise most anti-Zionists of the time, who believed that “Zionism [was] an insidious effort to transform the religion into a kind of statism, replacing its focus on God with a focus on building a kind of state”…
The conflict began in the late 1800’s when a group in Europe decided to colonize this land. This group was known as Zionists, who represented an extremist minority of the Jewish population. Zionism is a movement for the re-establishment and protection of a Jewish nation. The zionists considered locations in Africa and the Americas before choosing Palestine as their place of settlement. In the beginning, the immigration of Zionists did not cause any issues.…
The Jewish people have an extensive history of Diaspora (migration), long after their exile from Israel in 587 B.C.E. by the Babylonian (Spitzer, J). Their struggles for inclusion into other nations were met with repeated rejections due to their inclination to preserve their distinct culture, which only alienated them. Without a permanent homeland, they migrated to several locations in Europe, notably in Russia during the late 19th and early 20th century. Anti-semitism existed in many European countries like Russia, where Jews were treated unequally and due their lack of national identity, it was difficult for the Jewish people to obtain the equality rights. It was during these times that two very influential poems, “Awake My People!” and “The City of Slaughter” wrote by Judah Leib Gordon (1831-1892) and Haim Nahman Bialik (1873-1934) respectively contributed to modern Jewish history; obtaining equality rights for Jews and eradicating anti-semitism. The former empowered Jews to enlighten themselves by integrating in other different cultures of nations across Europe, while the latter advocated for Jews to mobilize against anti-semitism by demonstrating the defenseless nature of Jews. Considering the attitude towards dealing with anti-Semitism, Gordon “submits” to assimilation while Bialik “resists” it, but however, both authors criticized fundamental Jewish character as the root of all their long-term misery that required drastic self-change to truly liberate them from anti-semitism.…
6 E-When was the modern State of Israel established? How long had it been since the last time that an independent Jewish state existed? Why is the state of Israel opposed by many Muslim states in the region? Which religions consider Jerusalem a sacred city? What does the term Zionism mean? How did the Enlightenment improve the condition of Jewish peoples in Europe? List 3 examples of European antisemitism. What kind of rationale did Christianity provide for…
In the years before 1900, nationalism had always been an underlying movement in the Middle East. Martin Kramer demonstrates this view of Arab nationalism; ‘Awake, O Arabs, and arise’. By selecting this phrase from an Arab poem Kramer shows that the Arab desire for an uprising is trying to be stirred. However, he goes on to voice the opinion of, ‘...many Arabs have suspended their belief in the Arab nation, and now openly doubt whether there is a collective Arab mission’. This has led to a triumph of the nation states, whereby Arabs prefer to be seen as Syrian, Egyptian etc. This was the result of the retreat of Arab nationalism. In the 19th century, the Ottoman Empire tried to combat the growth of European power and influence. Borrowing money to develop their infrastructure, and modernise industry. However, modernisation saw them fall even more under the control of the Europeans, who provided…
Goal: Zionism seeks to establish a home for the Jewish people in Palestine, secured under public law…
Zionism was and still is a secular movement that desired to establish a Jewish state in Palestine. This movement was executed for pragmatic reasons as a result of antisemitism for the Jews who were effected by the age of enlightenment, democracy and self determination. These types of Jews were atheists, thus, a creation for a state was not a religious desire but rather for the need for survival. Therefore, Orthodox jews by enlarge were not Zionists. Rabbi Kook created the bridge between religious aspirations of Jerusalem and the secular aspirations of creating a state to protect the Jews. He believed that for the soul of a Jew to flourish, one must be close to the temple mount and in the state of Israel, therefore, a Jew living in the Diaspora inevitability had their soul dried up. Every Jew should desire to come to the land of Israel for their soul to flourish. Rav Kook believed anyone whether religious or secular can believe in any motives as long as they bring Jews to the land of Israel, therefore reviving their soul. In short, Rav Kook felt that religious jews and zionists should help each other, and he adopted the concept of Zionism as a goal of bringing Jews to the land of…
In the middle of the 17th century, this german anti-semitism began to increase. The rise was due to two main political movements in german states. These moevments were Zionism and german unification. Zionism was established as a political organization in 1897 under Theodor Herzl, and was later led by Chaim Weizmann. It was a movement for the re-establishment, development, and protection of a Jewish nation in what is now Palestine or Israel.…
Ever since our founding fathers discovered this country, citizens have shown a great deal of respect for the men and women that have fought to preserve the independence and the freedoms that this country is built on. Throughout the history of this nation we have only seen a few instances of declined patriotism and it seems as if were are going through a downfall today. In the seventeen years that I have been a part of this nation I have experienced one of the deadliest terror attacks that the world has ever seen. The days after September 11th, 2001 were spent admiring the armed forces and first responders that risked their own lives for the nearly 3,000 people that died on that day. In the last four years it seems like our patriotism has greatly…
Humankind would be a better place if we were all just citizens of the world. In Martha Nussbaum’s “Patriotism and Cosmopolitanism” she argues whether children should be taught in education to be patriotic or cosmopolitan. Nussbaum’s definition of cosmopolitanism is a person whose primary allegiance is to the community of human beings in the entire world. Nussbaum begins her argument by raising questions about education and how students ought to be taught that hunger in third world countries are problems of global problems and not the countries problem. She says “We should regard out deliberations as, first and foremost, deliberations about human problems of people in particular concrete situations, not problems growing out of a national identity that is altogether unlike that of others.”(P 1)…
This paper will examine and analyze the turning points in the construction of Jewish memory and the identity in Israel as influenced by and based on the events of the Holocaust.…
The Russian Jewish migration to Israel is a mass phenomenon that can be described essentially by a few factors, like other international series of the late 1980s and early 1990s. Migration happens when people are drawn into a new country that have better conditions, or are forced to run away from complicated circumstances. The main particular aspect of the Russian Jewish immigration into Israel consist of ideological undertaking which are the level to Zionism motivated and directed the immigrants to that country. The current immigration series has origins of Israel’s establishment in 1948. About 52 350 numbers of Jews from the Soviet Union entered Palestine between the year 1919 and 1948 which only turn out about 10.8 percent of the 483 000…