Paper On Congestive Heart Failure

When the heart is no longer able to pump enough blood to meet the demands of the body, it is referred to as heart failure or cardiac insufficiency. Congestive heart failure (CHF) is an abnormal condition characterized by circulatory congestion as a result of the heart’s inability to act as effective pump. Circulatory congestion and compensatory mechanisms occur. CHF may develop after MI, in response to prolonged hypertension, diabetes mellitus or in relation to valvular heart disease or inflammatory heart disease. Other factors associated with CHF include infection, stress, hyperthyroidism, anemia, and fluid replacement therapy. CHF is the most common diagnosis for the hospitalized patient older than 65 years of age. Because the left