organiztional culture

Organizational culture is the behavior of humans who are part of an organization and the meanings that the people attach to their actions. Culture includes the organization values, visions, norms, working language, systems, symbols, beliefs and habits. It is also the pattern of such collective behaviors and assumptions that are taught to new organizational members as a way of perceiving, and even thinking and feeling. Organizational culture affects the way people and groups interact with each other, with clients, and with stakeholders.

Ravasi and Schultz (2006) state that organizational culture is a set of shared mental assumptions that guide interpretation and action in organizations by defining appropriate behavior for various situations. At the same time although a company may have their "own unique culture", in larger organizations, there is a diverse and sometimes conflicting cultures that co-exist due to different characteristics of the management team. The organizational culture may also have negative and positive aspects.

Schein (2009), Deal & Kennedy (2000), Kotter (1992) and many others state that organizations often have very differing cultures as well as subcultures.
Contents

1 Usage 2 Part of or equivalent to 2.1 As a part of organization 2.2 The same as the organization 3 Types 3.1 Hofstede 3.2 O 'Reilly, Chatman, and Caldwell 3.3 Deal and Kennedy 3.4 Edgar Schein 3.5 Factors and elements 3.6 Communicative Indicators 3.6.1 Schemata 3.7 Strong/weak cultures 3.8 Healthy organizational cultures 3.9 Charles Handy 3.10 Kim Cameron and Robert Quinn 3.11 Robert A. Cooke 3.11.1 Constructive cultures 3.11.2 Passive/defensive cultures 3.11.3 Aggressive/defensive cultures 3.12 Entrepreneurial organizational culture 3.12.1 Elements 4 Tribal

References: 14 Notes 15 Further reading 16 External links Usage Organizational culture refers to culture in any type of organization be it school, university, not-for-profit groups, government agencies or business entities. In business, terms such as corporate culture and company culture are sometimes used to refer to a similar concept,. Although the new idea that the term became known in businesses in the late 80s and early 90s is widespread,[1][2] in fact corporate culture was already used by managers and addressed in sociology, cultural studies and organizational theory in the beginning of the 80s.[3][4] The idea about the culture and overall environment and characteristics of organization, in fact, was first and similarly approached with the notion of organizational climate in the 60s and 70s, and the terms now are somewhat overlapping.[5][6]