Organic Architecture Through Functionalism and Minimalism

The inspiration of nature in design created a movement of Organic Architecture through functionalism and minimalism since the 1800’s influencing some of the greatest architects to emerge. Functionalist architects and artists design utilitarian structures in which the Organic Architecture dictates the development within and moves outward in harmony with its surroundings, without regard to such traditional devices as axial symmetry and classical proportions or any other heavy ornamentation. Louis Henry Sullivan's design theory that “form ever follows function” leads the dialogue towards a new world of design where the buildings effect on its surroundings is considered. Inspired by his mentor Frank Lloyd Wright expands on the design theory with “form and function should be one, joined in a spiritual union.” Nature is used in relation to building, materials and design. Phillip Johnson contributes to the movement with stating “Architecture is the art of how to waste space.” By simplifying with the International Style which has geometric forms, open interiors, and the use of glass, steel, and reinforced concrete there is an unobstructed view of the exterior from the interior. Eero Saarinen pushed past what he called “The ABC’s of modernism “that were simple & abstract to utilizing new materials, innovative construction techniques, and sculptural forms in his design. He created some of the most interesting roofs. I intend on showing how each of these architects in their own contribution inspired awareness to nature and design. The movement of Organic Architecture is a product of all their dedication and hard work.

Louis Henry Sullivan (1856–1924) Louis Sullivan was born in Boston in 1856. He went to MIT before moving to Philadelphia then to Chicago. He also studied at L’Ecole des Beaux Arts in Paris. In the 19th century this school was considered just as prestigious as today’s most sought after graduate schools of fine arts. It attracted