Classical conditioning is a method applied in behavioral training where naturally occurring stimulus is paired with a response. Then, a previously neutral stimulus is paired with the naturally occurring stimulus. Ultimately, the previously neutral stimulus comes to induce the response without the presence of the naturally occurring stimuli. Operant conditioning is a method of the learning theory that occurs through rewards and punishments for behavior. Through operant conditioning, an association is made between a behavior and a consequence for that behavior. Behavior has been proven to be modified but it has not been proven to explain criminal behavior.…
The idea behind using punishment to teach a child on what is right and what is wrong stems from operant conditioning. According to the textbook Experiencing Psychology, “operant conditioning (or instrumental conditioning) is a form of associative learning in which the consequences of a behavior change the probability of the behavior’s occurrence” (King, 2013, p.178). For instance, if a child learns the alphabet a parent would reward them for learning it, and then the child would know that learning the alphabet was a good thing. The down side of this type of conditioning is seen if a child does something wrong, not sharing his or her toys, the parents would then punish the child teaching him or her that it is bad. In recent years, there have…
Operant conditioning, also known as instrumental conditioning, is a form of learning that utilizes a specific stimulus to result a voluntary response from the subject. 278 The only difference between classical conditioning and operant conditioning is the type of response. Both forms of conditioning has a stimulus that produces a response, however, unlike operant conditioning, classical conditioning produces an involuntary response to an unconditioned stimulus 281.Within operant conditioning, there is reinforcement. To put it in simple terms reinforcement is a reward 281. The reinforcement is there to increase the chances for an specific action to be repeated each time the certain stimulus is provided. However, reinforcement can also be utilized…
Operant conditioning is the process of a behaviour in which the likelihood of a specific behaviour is increased or decreased through positive or negative reinforcement. The theory is based on Thorndike (1993) law of effects which state that behaviour is a function of its consequences (cited in O’ Brien 2009). Skinner used observation as a leading approach to operate…
Mr. Byrne can't understand why scolding his seventh-grade students for disruptive classroom behaviors makes them more unruly. Explain Mr. Byrne's predicament in terms of operant conditioning principles. Show how he could use operant conditioning techniques to (a) reduce disruptive behaviors and (b) increase cooperative behaviors.…
According to B.F. Skinner, operant conditioning is a type of learning where a behavior is strengthened when it is reinforced and weakens a behavior when it is punished. When a person is reinforced for a certain behavior they are more likely to do repeat that behavior. If a person is punished because of a behavior then they are less likely to do that behavior again. Components of…
Operant conditioning focuses on using either reinforcement or punishment to increase or decrease a behavior.…
Operant conditioning is voluntary responses. Operant conditioning involves changing behaviors by reinforcement or punishment. Reinforcement increases the occurrence of the response. Punishment decreases the occurrence of the response.…
Operant conditioning is a type of learning in psychology, where behavior is controlled by negative or positive punishment. Main concepts in operant conditioning are: positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, positive punishment and negative punishment.…
The textbook defines operant conditioning as ‘the process of modifying behavior through the use of positive or negative consequences following specific behaviors. It is based on the notion that behavior is a function of its consequences, which may be either positive or negative. The consequences of behavior are used to influence, or shape, behavior through three strategies: reinforcement, punishment, and extinction.’…
Operant conditioning is a theory that is useful when applied to the workplace in several ways. It addresses how employees interact with one another and with clients to how financially successful a company is annually. Operant learning is positive reinforcement. Another example of operant conditioning would be if your boss gives you raise because you have been doing good! The better you do the more raises you might do really well at your job!…
In operant conditioning, people learn to perform new behaviours through the consequences of the things they do. If a behaviour they produce is followed by a reinforcement then the likelihood of that behaviour being repeated increases in the future, so the behaviour is strengthened. A consequence can be reinforcing in two ways: Positive reinforcement or negative reinforcement. Conversely, if a behaviour is followed by a punishment then the likelihood of that behaviour being…
Operant conditioning, although similar to classical conditioning, has many different aspects. Operant conditioning is another behavioral training technique that was coined by B.F Skinner. Operant conditioning basically states that behavior is influenced by the consequences that follow. Seems simple, right? That’s because it is. Operant conditioning applies to many aspects of our everyday life even without our knowledge. For instance, we’re in class and a teacher asks a question. You answer it and happen to get it right. The teacher then gives you 5 points extra credit as a reward. That’s going to make you want to answer more questions correctly, right? That’s exactly what operant conditioning is based upon. This helps us better understand human behavior because it tells us…
Operant conditioning is a type of instrumental conditioning. This type of learning is what is known for setting limits. When a subject is given a set of directions and is positively or negatively reinforced for their behavior, they learn…
A plethora of Studies have reported the effectiveness of operant conditioning techniques in altering the behavior of children in a number of different situations. There has been many studies in which teacher-supplied consequences have had effects on preschool and elementary school children in a regular classroom, but almost none in the secondary schooling classrooms. The results of these studies were that in smaller classrooms, students’ behavior improved with consequences given by the teacher. McAllister, Stachowiak, Baer, and Conderman now take a look at the effects of these consequences on a larger scale. This study sought to take an entire class of secondary school students and apply teacher-supplied consequences for misbehavior to discover if the behavior of the students improved.…