Preview

Observational Attribution

Satisfactory Essays
Open Document
Open Document
188 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
Observational Attribution
Our behaviors are influenced by different factors that we sometimes try to deduct as internal or external. When we try to explain the cause of people’s behaviors, it is called attribution. (Text, p.406) There are two different kinds of attributions we make: situational and dispositional attribution. When a person is meeting a family of a loved one for the very first time, it can make them behave differently than how they usually act because of the tense situation. We can make situational attribution because we believe that the environment is the external factor that influenced the person’s actions. However, some tend to believe that their behavior is caused by their internal characteristics instead. They make a dispositional attribution without

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Powerful Essays

    Man3240 Exam 2 Study Guide

    • 4273 Words
    • 18 Pages

    Attribution theory: an attempt when individuals observe behavior to determine whether it is internally or externally caused…

    • 4273 Words
    • 18 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    Attributions are the causal judgments about why the event or behavior occurred. These attributions can be either internal (made about a person’s characteristics, e.g. personality) or external (made about a person’s situation e.g. weather). One type of the attribution theory that helps us to determine the “why” in behavior is the Kelley’s Covariation Model of Attribution (Kelley, 1967). In this model, behaviour is analyzed to see how well it is correlated either internal or external factors or a combination of both. When making attributions using the Kelley’s covariation there are three criteria in which the attributions are based on: consensus, distinctiveness, and consistency. Consensus criterion is whether the behavior is correlated with the situation or in other terms whether different people do this behavior in the same situation. Distinctiveness refers to the correlation between behaviour and the individual specifically how unique the behavior is to that particular situation. Last out of the three is consistency which looks at how behavior is correlated with both the person and the situation that is, is the behavior is the same towards the…

    • 1060 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Attribution theory describes how causes are attributed to past events. This may be dispositional (attributed to a person) or situational. In a single instance of an outcome, correspondent inference theory suggests diagnosis is based on choice, expectations and intent. Expected, freely chosen behaviour is considered to be dispositional, whereas unexpected, forced behaviour is attributed to situation. Attributing intent is simplest when considering behaviour with only one positive effect. When an outcome occurs numerous times, covariation theory describes possible cause attribution. This involves looking at cases where the suspected cause is present/absent and matching them to instances where the outcome is present/absent, utilising information on consensus (how others behave), distinctiveness (how the individual behaves in different circumstances) and consistency (how the individual has behaved in similar circumstances). Consistency should be high to make a good attribution judgement. When consensus and distinctiveness are also high, the attribution is likely to be situational whereas if consensus and distinctiveness are low, a dispositional attribution is likely.…

    • 506 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Better Essays

    Attribution theory is concerned with how individuals interpret events and how this relates to their thinking and behaviour. Attribution theory assumes that people try to determine why people do what they do. When we (the observer) try to understand why another person (the actor) did something, we can either attribute one or more causes to that behaviour, internal/dispositional -the inference that a person is behaving in a certain way because of something about the person, such as attitude, character or personality. Or; external/situational - the inference that a person is…

    • 1613 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Good Essays

    Observational Analysis

    • 242 Words
    • 1 Page

    An observational analysis was conducted to observe the effectiveness of warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation after the patients had ischemic strokes. In the article “Real World Effectiveness of Warfarin Among Ischemic Stroke Patients with Atrial Fibrillation,” 12,552 patients were observed for one year after being admitted to the hospital for acute ischemic stroke and discharged with a diagnosis of persistent or paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. These observations were made between January 2009 and December 2011. The patients were divided into two separate groups for comparison during the study: patients taking warfarin and patients not treated with any anticoagulants. Patients that were unable to take anticoagulants were excluded…

    • 242 Words
    • 1 Page
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Cognitive Psych Study Guide

    • 6138 Words
    • 25 Pages

    Describe the difference between personal and situational attributions in explaining behavior. What is the Fundamental Attribution Error, and how is it related to these types of attributions?…

    • 6138 Words
    • 25 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Why did the person’s behavior change? Why do they act like they do? There are four significant ways that help to determine the reason or cause of problem behavior. The initial three approaches are natural causality, psychodynamic causality, and psychological causality (Kanwischer & Mehr, 2011). These three approaches come under the Intrapersonal aspect.…

    • 1047 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    Attribution theory is concerned with how individuals interpret events and how this relates to their thinking and behaviour. Heider (1958) was the first to propose a psychological theory of attribution, but Weiner and colleagues (e.g., Jones et al, 1972; Weiner, 1974, 1986) developed a theoretical framework that has become a major research paradigm of social psychology…

    • 279 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Psychology Study

    • 745 Words
    • 3 Pages

    Define the concept of attribution. What is the difference between an internal and an external attribution?…

    • 745 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    psych

    • 943 Words
    • 4 Pages

    14. Fundamental attribution error: a bias toward overattributing the behavior of others to internal causes…

    • 943 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Better Essays

    Cognitive Dissonance Paper

    • 1169 Words
    • 4 Pages

    The attribution theory attempts to explain how we attach meaning to either our behavior or other people’s behavior. As explained by Malle (2011), the attribution theory examines how the social observer uses certain tiding to arrive at contributory clarifications for certain events. Attribution theory, therefore, is keen on examining how information is gathered and shared to shape a causal ruling. The first proponent of this theory, Heider believed that individuals are naïve psychologists who try to make sense out of the world around them. This theory was later taken up by various…

    • 1169 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Today, researchers are more focused on “how people develop their own ideas about other people, that is attribution theory, and the ways these ideas are organized, that is called personal construct theory (Hartley113). The attribution theory, is set to explain how we perceive each other. Once we are able to master the attribution theory, we are able to understand why we perceive each other the way we do; this allows us to analyze what we will say and how we will say something in the future ahead of us, such as in perception checking. Attribution theory determines “how people decide the cause of other people’s actions and vice versa” (Hartley 116). When faced with hard times, it is important that we come to understand that “our perception of other people is inextricably bound up with our perception of the situation that we believe they are in” (Hartley…

    • 2013 Words
    • 9 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    Individuals whom possess an unambiguous perception are extremely likely to foster this bias of fundamental attribution error. For instance, one’s early assumptions of a quiet person he or she met at a family festivity may emulate an unfavorable first impression. In fact, others in attendance may ostracize the individual based on his or her behavior. However, in this case, the person was informed of a family tragedy prior to arriving at the event. Naturally, an event of such magnitude would alter a person's behavior in a social setting. After examining the situation, one may conclude a different perspective of the individual’s behavior; hence a non-descriptive trait. In addition to obedience in authority and fundamental attribution error, a self-serving bias is also a factor, which shapes an individual’s personal…

    • 583 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Behavioral perspective Vs. Psychoanalytical perspective, two views about human behavior and human dynamics that are on almost opposite sides of the psychological spectrum. John Watson and B. F. Skinner are the founding fathers of the behavioral perspective and Sigmund Freud is the founder of the Psychoanalytic perspective. Freud's theory dealt mostly with the idea that our unconscious influences who and how we are and act today. Watson and Skinner's theory dealt with behavior being formed and modified by the environment around us. This paper delves deeper into these two perspectives and how they may or may not be actualized. I will attempt to dissuade Freud's theory of the unconscious influences and boast Watson and Skinners theory of the environment affecting us.…

    • 537 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Individual Differences

    • 8297 Words
    • 34 Pages

    Intro: traditional studies of individual differences have been treated separately but contemporary theories have integrated approaches to explain behaviour and recent research has developed a more sophisticated concept that both internal (people) and external (situations) are important.…

    • 8297 Words
    • 34 Pages
    Good Essays