Ob-Ppt-05
ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR
WWW.PRENHALL.COM/ROBBINS
OBJECTIVES LEARNING
After studying chapter five and listening to my lecture,you should be able to:
1. Explain how two people can see the same thing and interpret it differently. 2. List three determinants of attribution. 3. Describe how shortcuts can assist in or distort our judgment of others. 4. Explain how perception affects the decisionmaking process. 5. Outline the six steps in the rational decisionmaking model.
O B J E C T I V E S (cont’d) LEARNING
Outline continues:
1. Describe the action of a boundedly rational decision maker. 2. Identify the conditions in which individuals are most likely to use intuition in decision making. 3. Describe four styles of decision making. 4. Define heuristics and explain how they bias decisions. 5. Contrast the three ethical decision criteria.
What Is Perception, and Why Is It Important? • People’s behavior is based on their perception of what reality is, not on reality itself. • The world as it is perceived is the world that is behaviorally important.
Factors That Influence Perception
EXHIBIT
5-1
Person Perception: Making Judgments About Others
Distinctiveness: shows different behaviors in different situations. Consensus: response is the same as others to same situation. Consistency: responds in the same way over time.
Attribution Theory
EXHIBIT
5-2
Errors and Biases in Attributions
Errors and Biases in Attributions (cont’d)
Frequently Used Shortcuts in Judging Others
Frequently Used Shortcuts in Judging Others
Frequently Used Shortcuts in Judging Others
Specific Applications in Organizations
Employment Interview
– Perceptual biases affect the accuracy of interviewers’ judgments of applicants.
Performance Expectations
– Self-fulfilling prophecy (pygmalion effect): The lower or higher performance of employees reflects preconceived leader expectations about employee capabilities.
Performance
WWW.PRENHALL.COM/ROBBINS
OBJECTIVES LEARNING
After studying chapter five and listening to my lecture,you should be able to:
1. Explain how two people can see the same thing and interpret it differently. 2. List three determinants of attribution. 3. Describe how shortcuts can assist in or distort our judgment of others. 4. Explain how perception affects the decisionmaking process. 5. Outline the six steps in the rational decisionmaking model.
O B J E C T I V E S (cont’d) LEARNING
Outline continues:
1. Describe the action of a boundedly rational decision maker. 2. Identify the conditions in which individuals are most likely to use intuition in decision making. 3. Describe four styles of decision making. 4. Define heuristics and explain how they bias decisions. 5. Contrast the three ethical decision criteria.
What Is Perception, and Why Is It Important? • People’s behavior is based on their perception of what reality is, not on reality itself. • The world as it is perceived is the world that is behaviorally important.
Factors That Influence Perception
EXHIBIT
5-1
Person Perception: Making Judgments About Others
Distinctiveness: shows different behaviors in different situations. Consensus: response is the same as others to same situation. Consistency: responds in the same way over time.
Attribution Theory
EXHIBIT
5-2
Errors and Biases in Attributions
Errors and Biases in Attributions (cont’d)
Frequently Used Shortcuts in Judging Others
Frequently Used Shortcuts in Judging Others
Frequently Used Shortcuts in Judging Others
Specific Applications in Organizations
Employment Interview
– Perceptual biases affect the accuracy of interviewers’ judgments of applicants.
Performance Expectations
– Self-fulfilling prophecy (pygmalion effect): The lower or higher performance of employees reflects preconceived leader expectations about employee capabilities.
Performance