Nurse Staffing Research Paper

Problem: In healthcare system, nurse staffing is a big concern in the U.S. The inadequate nurse staffing has been linked to poor patient outcomes and quality of care, job dissatisfaction among nurses, and so forth. Therefore, the implementation of adequate nurse staffing may be a solution to improve these outcomes. However, there is lack of evidence that the safe and effect nurse staffing.
• Define your question using PICO:
Narrative form: In hospitals and nursing homes, will the implementation of optimal nurse staffing model improve quality of care and patient outcomes compared to fixed and flexible nurse staffing models?
P (Population): Hospitals and nursing homes
I (Intervention): Optimal nurse staffing model
C (Comparison): Fixed and flexible nurse staffing model
O (Outcome): Quality of care and patient outcomes

• Type of Research Question:
Other: Quality Improvement

• Type of Study:
Then, I added a subheading “patient outcomes” and the total number of citations were still 19. Among these citations, there were 18 trials and 1 review. After reading the title, zero article was identified that was relevant to my PICO questions.
PubMed: The initial searches with “optimal nurse staffing” resulted in a total of 127 citations, which reduced to 39 citations after adding “patient outcomes” as a subheading. Among these articles, there were six systematic reviews and a literature review. Among six systematic review only three were relevant to the topic of interest. There were not any clinical trial, consensus development conference article with or without NIH, meta-analysis, observational study, practice guideline, randomized controlled trial, and systematic review.
Google Scholar: The initial search with “optimal nurse staffing” and “patient outcome” yielded 61, 300 citations. The number decline to 18, 500 after limiting the publication dates in 2005 to