Nervous System: One Of The Eight Major Body Organ System In Animals
10/21/14
Nervous system: one of the eleven major body organ systems in animals; coordinates and controls actions of internal organs and body systems; receives and processes sensory information from external environment; coordinated short-term reactions to these stimuli.
Cell body: the part that contains the nucleus and most of the cytoplasm and the organelles.
Axon: sends messages away from the cell body to other neurons.
Dendrite: short, highly branched fibers that carry signals toward the cell body of a neuron.
Central nervous system (CNS): the division of the nervous system that includes the brain and the spinal cord.
Sensory neurons/afferent neurons: send information from sensory receptors (in the eyes, ears, nose, tongue, and skin) TO the central nervous system. …show more content…
Interneurons: send information BETWEEN motor neurons and sensory neurons; found in the CNS, connect neurons.
Nodes of Ranvier: a gap between two of the Schwann cells that make up an axon’s myelin sheath; serves as a point for generating a nerve impulse.
Resting potential: the difference in electrical charge across the plasma membrane of a neuron.
Sodium-potassium pump: the mechanism that uses ATP energy to reset the sodium and potassium ions after transmission of a nerve impulse.
Active transport: transport of molecules against a concentration gradient with the aid of proteins in the cell membrane and energy from ATP.
Action potential: a temporary and brief change of electrical voltage that occurs between the inside and the outside of the axon when the neuron is stimulated.
Synapse: the junction between an axon and an adjacent neuron.
Synaptic cleft: the space between the end of a neuron and an adjacent cell.
Synaptic vesicles: vesicles at the synapse end of axons that contain the neurotransmitters.
Key
Nervous system: one of the eleven major body organ systems in animals; coordinates and controls actions of internal organs and body systems; receives and processes sensory information from external environment; coordinated short-term reactions to these stimuli.
Cell body: the part that contains the nucleus and most of the cytoplasm and the organelles.
Axon: sends messages away from the cell body to other neurons.
Dendrite: short, highly branched fibers that carry signals toward the cell body of a neuron.
Central nervous system (CNS): the division of the nervous system that includes the brain and the spinal cord.
Sensory neurons/afferent neurons: send information from sensory receptors (in the eyes, ears, nose, tongue, and skin) TO the central nervous system. …show more content…
Interneurons: send information BETWEEN motor neurons and sensory neurons; found in the CNS, connect neurons.
Nodes of Ranvier: a gap between two of the Schwann cells that make up an axon’s myelin sheath; serves as a point for generating a nerve impulse.
Resting potential: the difference in electrical charge across the plasma membrane of a neuron.
Sodium-potassium pump: the mechanism that uses ATP energy to reset the sodium and potassium ions after transmission of a nerve impulse.
Active transport: transport of molecules against a concentration gradient with the aid of proteins in the cell membrane and energy from ATP.
Action potential: a temporary and brief change of electrical voltage that occurs between the inside and the outside of the axon when the neuron is stimulated.
Synapse: the junction between an axon and an adjacent neuron.
Synaptic cleft: the space between the end of a neuron and an adjacent cell.
Synaptic vesicles: vesicles at the synapse end of axons that contain the neurotransmitters.
Key