Nervous System
Nervous systems consists of the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) and the peripheral nervous system (cranial and spinal nerves)
Brain is divided into 3 major areas 1. Cerebrum Pairs of lobes 2. Brain stem 3. Cerebellum
Four lobes are:
Frontal-largest lobe, concentration, abstract thought, information storage, memory and motor function, Broca’s area (motor control of speech), affect, judgement, personality and inhibitions
Parietal- sensory lobe, analyzes sensory information and relays the interpretation of info, spatial relations.
Temporal-auditory receptive areas.
Occipital-visual interpretation
Nervous system functions as a unified whole but can be broken down into parts.
CNS-Brain and spinal cord are enclosed within protective areas – cranial vault or skull and the vertebrea.
Autonomic nervous system – regulates the activities of the internal organs
SNS – fight or flight
PNS (cholinergic effects –visceral functions)
PNS consists of cranial nerves that project from the brain and pass through foramina (openings) in the skull and
Spinal nerves project from the spinal cord and pass through the intervertebral openings
Remember the basic functional unit of the brain is called the neuron – which is composed of the cell body, dendrite, and axon
The dendrites are like branches with synapses for receiving messages. Axons take the impulses away from the cell bodies and may be covered with a lipid material – referred to as the myelin sheath…we’ll talk later about demyelinating diseases such as MS and Guillian Barre.
Neurotransmitters – neurons generate and conduct electrical and chemical impulses by selectively changing the electrical portion of their plasma membranes and influencing other neurons by the release of neurotransmitters.
Many neurological disorders are due in part to an imbalance in neurotransmitters.
Acetylcholine (major neurotransmitter of the ParaSNS ) Serotonin, Dopamine, Norepinephrine (SNS)
Brain is divided into 3 major areas 1. Cerebrum Pairs of lobes 2. Brain stem 3. Cerebellum
Four lobes are:
Frontal-largest lobe, concentration, abstract thought, information storage, memory and motor function, Broca’s area (motor control of speech), affect, judgement, personality and inhibitions
Parietal- sensory lobe, analyzes sensory information and relays the interpretation of info, spatial relations.
Temporal-auditory receptive areas.
Occipital-visual interpretation
Nervous system functions as a unified whole but can be broken down into parts.
CNS-Brain and spinal cord are enclosed within protective areas – cranial vault or skull and the vertebrea.
Autonomic nervous system – regulates the activities of the internal organs
SNS – fight or flight
PNS (cholinergic effects –visceral functions)
PNS consists of cranial nerves that project from the brain and pass through foramina (openings) in the skull and
Spinal nerves project from the spinal cord and pass through the intervertebral openings
Remember the basic functional unit of the brain is called the neuron – which is composed of the cell body, dendrite, and axon
The dendrites are like branches with synapses for receiving messages. Axons take the impulses away from the cell bodies and may be covered with a lipid material – referred to as the myelin sheath…we’ll talk later about demyelinating diseases such as MS and Guillian Barre.
Neurotransmitters – neurons generate and conduct electrical and chemical impulses by selectively changing the electrical portion of their plasma membranes and influencing other neurons by the release of neurotransmitters.
Many neurological disorders are due in part to an imbalance in neurotransmitters.
Acetylcholine (major neurotransmitter of the ParaSNS ) Serotonin, Dopamine, Norepinephrine (SNS)