Neonatal Rauid Management Essay
Best Practice & Research Clinical Anaesthesiology 24 (2010) 365e374
Contents lists available at ScienceDirect
Best Practice & Research Clinical
Anaesthesiology
journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/bean
6
Neonatal fluid management
Isabelle Murat, MD, PhD *, Alexis Humblot, MD, Laure Girault, MD,
Federica Piana, MD
Department of Anesthesia, Hôpital d’Enfants Armand Trousseau, 26 avenue du Dr Arnold Netter, 75571 Paris, Cedex 12, France
Keywords: blood transfusion colloid crystalloids fluid therapy hypoglycaemia hyperglycaemia neonate Perioperative fluid management in paediatrics has been the subject of many controversies in recent years, but fluid management in the neonatal period has not been considered in most …show more content…
In the context of anaesthesia, many neonates requiring surgery within the first month of life have organ malformation and/or dysfunction. This article aims at reviewing basic physiological considerations important for neonatal fluid management and mainly focusses on fluid maintenance and replacement during surgery.
Ó 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Physiological considerations: neonates are not just small adults
Major physiological changes occur within the first days and months of life. They mainly concern body composition, renal function and changes in the cardiovascular system.4
Body composition
Throughout foetal life and during the first 2 years of life the distribution of body fluid undergoes a gradual but significant change.5 Total body water (TBW) represents as much as 80% of body weight in premature infants, 78% in full-term newborns and 65% in infants of 12 months of age compared to 60% in adults (Table 1). These age-related changes in TBW mainly reflect changes in extracellular fluid (ECF) with growth. As the body cells proliferate and organ development progresses, the ECF
Contents lists available at ScienceDirect
Best Practice & Research Clinical
Anaesthesiology
journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/bean
6
Neonatal fluid management
Isabelle Murat, MD, PhD *, Alexis Humblot, MD, Laure Girault, MD,
Federica Piana, MD
Department of Anesthesia, Hôpital d’Enfants Armand Trousseau, 26 avenue du Dr Arnold Netter, 75571 Paris, Cedex 12, France
Keywords: blood transfusion colloid crystalloids fluid therapy hypoglycaemia hyperglycaemia neonate Perioperative fluid management in paediatrics has been the subject of many controversies in recent years, but fluid management in the neonatal period has not been considered in most …show more content…
In the context of anaesthesia, many neonates requiring surgery within the first month of life have organ malformation and/or dysfunction. This article aims at reviewing basic physiological considerations important for neonatal fluid management and mainly focusses on fluid maintenance and replacement during surgery.
Ó 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Physiological considerations: neonates are not just small adults
Major physiological changes occur within the first days and months of life. They mainly concern body composition, renal function and changes in the cardiovascular system.4
Body composition
Throughout foetal life and during the first 2 years of life the distribution of body fluid undergoes a gradual but significant change.5 Total body water (TBW) represents as much as 80% of body weight in premature infants, 78% in full-term newborns and 65% in infants of 12 months of age compared to 60% in adults (Table 1). These age-related changes in TBW mainly reflect changes in extracellular fluid (ECF) with growth. As the body cells proliferate and organ development progresses, the ECF