Muscular Dystrophy Essay
Muscular dystrophy (MD) is a group of genetic diseases involving progressive weakness and degeneration of the muscles that control movement. In some forms of MD, the heart muscles and other involuntary muscles, as well as other organs, are affected. There are 9 distinct types of MD.
Myotonic MD is the most common form among adults, while Duchenne MD is the most common form among children (it affects only boys). Some are severe diseases at birth that lead to early death. Others follow very slow progressive courses over many decades and may be compatible with a normal lifespan.
Signs and Symptoms
Myotonic muscular dystrophy (which affects adults) is accompanied by the following signs and symptoms:
Delayed muscle relaxation after contraction …show more content…
What Causes It?
MD is caused by gene mutations that are particular to each form of the disease. It is an X-linked disease, meaning mothers are the carriers of the disease.
Who is Most At Risk?
In two thirds of cases of MD, the person has a family history. In one third of cases, there is no family history.
What to Expect at Your Provider's Office
If you have symptoms of MD, you should see your health care provider. Diagnosis depends on sophisticated testing, such as:
Lab tests
Imaging
Muscle biopsy
Other procedures
Treatment Options
Treatment Plan
The goal of treatment is to maintain the person's optimal physical and emotional health by preventing joint and spinal deformities. This prolongs the ability to walk. Doctors may introduce assisted breathing as needed, and lifelong physiotherapy is necessary. You may need orthopedic devices may be needed for support. Hydrotherapy, such as continuous tub baths, may help maintain a full range of joint motion. Physical, occupational, respiratory, and speech therapy may also help patients manage the symptoms of MD. Some clinicians recommend submaximum aerobic exercise, especially in the early course
Myotonic MD is the most common form among adults, while Duchenne MD is the most common form among children (it affects only boys). Some are severe diseases at birth that lead to early death. Others follow very slow progressive courses over many decades and may be compatible with a normal lifespan.
Signs and Symptoms
Myotonic muscular dystrophy (which affects adults) is accompanied by the following signs and symptoms:
Delayed muscle relaxation after contraction …show more content…
What Causes It?
MD is caused by gene mutations that are particular to each form of the disease. It is an X-linked disease, meaning mothers are the carriers of the disease.
Who is Most At Risk?
In two thirds of cases of MD, the person has a family history. In one third of cases, there is no family history.
What to Expect at Your Provider's Office
If you have symptoms of MD, you should see your health care provider. Diagnosis depends on sophisticated testing, such as:
Lab tests
Imaging
Muscle biopsy
Other procedures
Treatment Options
Treatment Plan
The goal of treatment is to maintain the person's optimal physical and emotional health by preventing joint and spinal deformities. This prolongs the ability to walk. Doctors may introduce assisted breathing as needed, and lifelong physiotherapy is necessary. You may need orthopedic devices may be needed for support. Hydrotherapy, such as continuous tub baths, may help maintain a full range of joint motion. Physical, occupational, respiratory, and speech therapy may also help patients manage the symptoms of MD. Some clinicians recommend submaximum aerobic exercise, especially in the early course