Preview

Morals Are Human Par Excellence-Using Practical Examples Show the Relevance of This Statement in a Business Organization

Good Essays
Open Document
Open Document
2821 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
Morals Are Human Par Excellence-Using Practical Examples Show the Relevance of This Statement in a Business Organization
Question-Morals are human par excellence-using practical examples show the relevance of this statement in a business organization.

Introduction

Most of the Greek moralists think that, if we are rational, we aim at living well or happiness. Living well or happiness is our ultimate end in that a conception of happiness serves to organize our various subordinate ends, by indicating the relative importance of our ends and by indicating how they should fit together into some rational overall scheme. Aristotle says that happiness is “perfect” or “complete” and something distinctively human. When we are living well, our life is worthy of imitation and admiration. For, according to the Greek moralists, that we are happy says something about us and about what we have achieved, not simply about the fortunate circumstances in which we find ourselves. So they argue that happiness cannot consist simply in “external goods” or “goods of fortune,” for these goods are external to our own choosing and deciding. Whatever happiness is, it must take account of the fact that a happy life is one lived by rational agents who act and who are not simply victims of their circumstances.

Aristotle thinks that we can take a person 's pleasures and pains to be a sign of his state of character. To explain what the virtuous person 's pleasures are like, Aristotle returns to the idea that virtue is an excellent state of the person. Virtue is the state that makes a human being good and makes him perform his function well. Aristotle says in Nicomachean Ethics I.7, is rational activity, so when we perform rational activity well, we are good (virtuous) human beings and live well (we are happy).

The Greek moralists conclude that a happy life must give a prominent place to the exercise of virtue, for virtuous traits of character are stable and enduring and are not products of fortune, but of learning or cultivation. Moreover, virtuous traits of character are excellences of the human being in



References: 1. http://www.mkgandhi.org/mgmnt.htm 2. Aristotle ethics-Nicomachean Ethics I.7 3. http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/aristotle-ethics 4. Aristotle Ethics-http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/Aristotle-ethics 5. Edward W. Younkins-http://rebirthofreason.com/Articles/Younkins

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Good Essays

    Aristotle’s ethics focuses on virtues of character and good habits. His big term he uses is eudemonia, which means happiness.…

    • 514 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Virtue

    • 384 Words
    • 2 Pages

    “Virtue, then, is a state that decides, consisting in a mean, the mean relative to us, which is defined by reference to reason, that is to say, to the reason by reference to which the prudent person would define it. It is a mean between two vices, one of excess and one of deficiency” Aristotle’s definition of Virtue of Character but what is it really saying. Let us define it with the Socratic Definition per genus et differentia. Let us break it into the three parts genus, species and the differentiating factor (differentia). The genus or general topic would be virtue of character, the species or the specific area of virtue of character would be the mean between the two vices excess and deficiency, lastly is the differentiating factor or what makes the species different from other forms of it which would be the situation and how individual people can reason out different outcomes from what is required from them.…

    • 384 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Aristotle

    • 980 Words
    • 4 Pages

    Aristotle believes that there is only one goal, one ultimate end for every individual—that is eudaimonia, translated as happiness, not as a feeling but happiness as the highest human good or a life full of activity. He claims that a person should live a way of life distinct from the lives of animals, where they only live for the sake of living or pleasure.1 As human beings, people should use their power of speech to communicate and make rational decisions within a polity, striving to live their lives up to their full potential and to their full capacity for a happy life.2 The life of politics, the via activa, is thus the key to the chief good or the best life for humans; however, the life of action must be of certain type of quality, in accordance with reason, since different actions may lead to the good or the bad life. In other words, a person’s actions must be in line with arête, with virtue or excellence.3…

    • 980 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    Aristotle believed that we as humans have natural obligations that provide happiness. Happiness consists of pleasure and the capacity to develop reasoning.…

    • 1095 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Aristotle’s Nicomahean Ethics is a rich text of ancient wisdom, much of which has become ingrained into today’s rhetoric in many schools of thought in the western world. It is with Aristotle’s views on Virtue that this paper is primarily concerned, more specifically with his idea that to have virtue is to display attitudes and actions to a moderate and intermediate degree. Stan Van Hooft (2008) notes that, although Aristotle’s thoughts on this matter are logically sound for the most part, that his assertion that Virtue is the Mean was not his final, conclusive stance on the issue, and that this theory “is only a part of a bigger picture of virtue that he is developing” (p9). This paper, however, is chiefly concerned with this interesting notion that Virtue is a mean state of feeling and doing. In particular the challenge of the issue of Self-Control is one that is worthy of significant focus, is it a virtue? Or is it merely one of our human faculties that we employ in order to avoid vice?…

    • 2053 Words
    • 9 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    Aristotle provides the teleological approach of how to live well in his collection of lectures, Nicomachean Ethics. In Book II of Nicomachean Ethics, Aristotle presents his definition of virtue in which it is "a kind of mean" (N.E. 129). According to Aristotle, moral virtue is a means to an end, happiness. By using Sophocles's Antigone, I will support Aristotle's theory of virtue in which he reasons it to be a state of character between two extremes. A virtue that remains relevant today as it did during Aristotle's era is that of courage. By using Aristotle's account on what represents the virtue of courage, I will demonstrate how it could be applied to the dilemma the characters of Antigone encounter. Even his definition of justice is based on the notion that rule and legal doctrine should lie somewhere in between a spectrum of two polar ideologies. Nonetheless, Aristotle's statement, "virtue is always concerned with what is harder; for even good is better when it is harder" illustrates his belief that usually what is morally correct stands closer to the side of excessiveness than that of deficit (N.E. 136).…

    • 1382 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Aristotle and Eudaimonia

    • 331 Words
    • 2 Pages

    According to Aristotle everyone first and foremost wants a eudaimon life, a life in which he does well and fares well. Aristotle thinks there is one good that is sought for not for the sake of anything else: the summum bonum (greatest good). The greatest good is eudaimonia (living well, doing well, flourishing). In the well-ordered personality the parts of will function together under the leadership of the rational element. The goal we all seek is eudaimonia. Eudiamonia is a life of rational activity, informed with Arete (virtue), which is pursued continually. Our ability to achieve eudaimonia depends on us having some power or access to resources in the world. People without power never reach their moral potential. Friendship is necessary to eudaimonia and it is an extension of self-esteem. By virtue of being rational animals we naturally live by a plan or rule. But just as the good life is an activity of reason in relation with excellence, eudaimonia depends on having the right rule or plan. The right rule or plan is the one that leads to our possessing what is really good for us, what is needed to live well. The good life (eudaimonia) involves three real goods, each of which corresponds to an aspect of our nature. These goods are external goods, which are grounded in our animal nature (food, shelter), bodily goods, which are grounded in our animal nature (health, vitality), and goods of the soul (mind, reason), which are grounded in our rational and social nature ( knowledge and friendship). External goods are a means to bodily goods, and both these goods are required for goods of the soul. Without food we become physically ill. A sick or dying person is not interested in studying or going out with friends. Also, goods of the soul are unlimited real goods ( we can never have enough), whereas the other goods are limited ( we can sometimes have too much of…

    • 331 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Introduction to Ethics

    • 1269 Words
    • 6 Pages

    Aristotle believed the one goal everyone strived for was "happiness" for one's ownself. If you were a happy person, that would eventually lead to being a good person. He also believed that all living things had certain capacities, and that if one lives up to their full capacities, they will have lived well and had a fortunate life. He went on to state that the perfection of reason leads to the development of two desirable "virtues", Moral and Intellectual. Moral virtues dealt with emotions. A person must keep these in balance, to go in either extreme of too much and too little, would be called "the excess" and "the defect", respectively. The balance would be the "mean". For example, courage is the mean between rashness (excess) and cowardice (defect). The golden mean is further analyzed in NICOMACHEAN ETHICS. The RHETORIC, is where Aristotle sums up the three categories in an analogical description of life with the Youthful Man (excess), the Elderly Man (defect), and the Man in His Prime (golden mean).…

    • 1269 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    He argues this way of life is superior to the other two ways of life which include a life of pleasure or a political life. A life of pleasure would be what an animal lives, in his opinion and is strictly centered around sensual happiness. Thus one can not achieve Aristotle’s perception of happiness through a life of pleasure because they are not challenging themselves in any way. For example, a life of pleasure for a human could be someone who enjoys staying at home and relaxing and watching movies. This person may feel content with this way of living their life, however, Aristotle argues although they feel content, they will never be truly happy. Due to the fact they are not bettering themselves or the world in any way, thus, they are making no useful contributions and are not discovering what their highest potentials could be. Furthermore, Aristotle argues a political life can not help one achieve true happiness because this way of life is centered off of honor. Thus one may have achieved a high potential for themselves and be performing acts that could be seen in accordance with moral virtue. However, they are performing these actions based off of desiring honor and praise in return. Therefore, this could not truly be happiness because it is an activity that is not in accordance with excellence because they do not have intellectual virtues entwined in their actions. As a result, they are not able to aim for a mean where they are both performing actions that help them reach this high potential while at the same time understanding why these actions are just. Therefore, Aristotle argues that one reaches their happiness and the highest level of life and excellence when living a life of contemplation. Living this type of life makes it so one is always intellectual and questioning. Therefore, they are constantly challenging themselves and never settling for…

    • 1284 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    In Nichomachean Ethics, Aristotle argues the highest end is the human good, and claims that the highest end pursued in action is happiness. Also, Aristotle claims that happiness is achieved only by living a virtuous life - "our definition is in harmony with those who say that happiness is virtue, or a particular virtue; because an activity in accordance with virtue implies virtue. Indeed, we may go further and assert that anyone who does not delight in fine actions is not even a good man." The virtuous life is full of reasoning for the good. Good is complete and most choice worthy. It is the human good that expresses virtue.…

    • 2142 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    In Book I, he mentions many concepts in order for one to understand how virtue and happiness go hand in hand. There are two kinds of virtue—intellectual virtue and moral virtue. Intellectual virtue deals with the “birth and its growth to teaching” (Aristotle, Book II), which its reasons require experience and patience. Moral virtue “arises in us by nature; for nothing that exists by nature can form a habit contrary to its nature” (Aristotle, Book II), which means that the way one’s behavior is derived from nature cannot be trained to behave against nature. Therefore, moral virtue is a result of…

    • 675 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Better Essays

    The Greek word generally translated as “happiness” is eudaimonia, and it can equally be rendered as “success” or “flourishing.” People who are eudaimon are not in a particular emotional state so much as they are living successfully. While happiness is the activity of living well, virtue represents the potential to live well. Excelling in all the moral virtues is fine and good, but it doesn’t ensure our happiness unless we exercise those virtues. Courageous people who never test their courage by facing down fear have virtue, but they are not happy. Aristotle illustrates this distinction between happiness and virtue by saying that the best athletes only win at the Olympic Games if they compete. A virtuous person who does not exercise virtue is like an athlete who sits on the sideline and watches. Aristotle has a proactive conception of the good life: happiness waits only for those who go out and seize…

    • 1390 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Good Essays

    Human nature is constructed to aim for something good at the end of every act. Every human aims at achieving the happiness as an end result. That is the reason why in this paper, I will argue that Aristotle’s theory, Nicomachean Ethics, is the most plausible theory in describing human nature and answering the question of how one should live in order to attain happiness. According to Aristotle all the human activities are directed towards a final end, which he claims to be the happiness.…

    • 960 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Aristotle’s Nicomachean Ethics focuses on an ultimate goal all human actions should aim towards. What Aristotle clearly states is that virtue should be the what all human strive for. Virtue, as described by Aristotle, is a middle ground in-between two extremes. Ultimately, all human actions should lead to happiness.…

    • 153 Words
    • 1 Page
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Nicomachean ethics is the name of Aristotle’s work on ethics based on lectures he wrote. It is said that Nicomachean ethics were named after either Aristotle’s son or father as they were both named Nicomachus. Aristotle believed that happiness is what makes a person pure. To make this one virtue true, Aristotle believed that there were four moral virtues that worked together; the virtue of great soul, justice, practical judgment and being a truly good friend. From Aristotle’s notes, are ten books written from his lectures.…

    • 430 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays