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Mitosis and Meiosis and the Cell Cycle

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Mitosis and Meiosis and the Cell Cycle
ACCESS TO HIGHER EDUCATION

HUMAN BIOLOGY

Explaining the role of mitosis & meiosis

IN GROWTH AND REPRODUCTION

Table of Content Page Number
Cell division 1
Why do we need cell division? 1
Chromosomes 1
What is a chromosome? 1
The Cell Cycle 2

Process of Mitosis 3

What is Mitosis? 3
Stages of Mitosis 3
Interphase 3
Prophase 4
Prometaphase 5
Metaphase 5
Anaphase 6
Telophase 7
Cytokinesis 8
Process of Mitosis 9
What is Meiosis? 9
Meiosis I 10
Meiosis II 11-12
Break Down of Meiosis 13
Summary of Mitosis and Meiosis 14 -16
Glossary
Reference

Process of Mitosis

What is Mitosis?
Mitosis is a nuclear division as well as cytokinesis, during prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase; it produces two identical daughter cells. Interphase is technically not part of the mitosis but it encompasses the stages of G1, S, and G2 of the cell cycle.

Stages of Mitosis

Interphase

Here the cell is busy in metabolic activity and it preparing for the next stages of mitosis. As the chromosomes are not clearly discerned in the nucleus, but the nucleolus may be visible. The cell could even contain a pair of centrioles which are the organized sited for microtubules.

Before the cells being to divide the chromosomes are replicated; ATP is synthesized, which provides energy to the cell division, the organelles are also replicated and protein are then made.
The following are all replicated in this stage, DNA, histones and centrioles. The replication of cell organelles such as mitochondria only occurs in the cytoplasm.

Prophase

Prophase is when the chromatin in the nucleus starts to condense and starting to become more visible under the light of a microscope as chromosomes. The nucleus then
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