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MINERAL AND POWER RESOURCES

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MINERAL AND POWER RESOURCES
MINERAL AND POWER RESOURCES

India has a variety of mineral resources that play a very important role in the industrial development of the country. India has large deposits of Iron ore, manganese ore and bauxite ore. India has a virtual monopoly over mica. India is self-sufficient in coal but coking coal is limited. India has small deposits of zinc, copper, lead and gold. It lacks sulphur and is poor in the production of mineral oil and natural gas. We have small deposits of minerals required for nuclear energy.

IRON ORE: India has some of the world’s largest reserves of iron ore. India stands second, next to Russia, in the world in iron ore reserves. The two important types of iron ores available in India are hematite and magnetite. Orissa and Jharkhand have the largest iron ore deposit in India. The richest iron ore belt is the U-shaped range from Singhbhum district in Jharkhand passing through Keonghar, Mayurbhanj and Sundargarh districts in Orissa. The ore is hematite with 60-65% of iron. Raipur, Durg and Bastar districts of Chhattisgarh are noted for iron ore production. There are iron ore reserves in Goa, Andhra Pradesh, Tamilnadu and Karnataka. Kemmangundi in Chikkamagalur district, Hospet and Sandur in Bellary district in Karnataka have hematite ore. In recent years magnetite ore is mined at Kudremukh in Karnataka. Maharashtra also has some iron ore deposits. The iron ore produced in India is used by the iron and steel plants located in Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, West Bengal, Madhya Pradesh, Orissa, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh. India exports iron ore to Japan and other countries thus earning foreign exchange. Japan imports 55% of the total iron ore produced in India. Iron ore is exported through the ports of Marmagoa, Mangalore, Vishakhapatnam, Paradeep and Haldia. The other countries which import iron ore from India are China, Italy, Iran etc.

MANGANESE ORE:
Manganese ore is an important ferro-alloy, which is smelted with iron ore to produce steel. The
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