Preview

Medical Essays

Good Essays
Open Document
Open Document
1580 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
Medical Essays
Analysis of Glycated Hemoglobin by HPLC Technology
Shalini Kini Product Specialist

Diabetic EpidemiologyWhere Do we Stand!?!

World Scenario

* IDF Diabetes Atlas 5th Edition 2012 update. http://www.idf.org/diabetesatlas/5e/Update2012

Did U Know!!??!
One Adult in Ten will have diabetes by 2030!!!

Year 2012

Year 2030

63.01m
India

101.2m
India

• India Ranked Second in the world in Diabetes Prevalence, behind China.

*IDF Diabetes Atlas- Fifth Edition http://www.idf.org/atlasmap/atlasmap

Comparative Diabetes Prevalence:

HbA1c- An Indicator!!??

Hemoglobin

Hemoglobin Fractions

Glycohemoglobin - HbA1c

HbA1c as Diagnostic Tool
• HbA1c as an Indicator of glycemic control, recommended for diagnosis of Diabetes by ADA in 2010.

•

Test Results are not affected by - Time of the Day - Meal Intake - Exercise - Just Administered Diabetes Drugs - Emotional Stress

•

HbA1c level correlates well with risks of Diabetic complications.

[Reference: American Diabetes Association Clinical Practice Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes - 2010 Diabetes Care 2010;33, suppl.1: S4-5.]

Why Use HbA1c Vs OGGT/FPG!?
• • • • • The patient does not need to be fasting HbA1c is standardized and aligned to DCCT Better index of overall glycemic exposure and risk for long-term complications Substantially less biologic variability/ pre-analytic stability Relatively unaffected by acute (e.g., stress or illness related) perturbations in glucose levels

NIH Publication No 11-7816 Sept 2011. www.diabetes.niddk.nih.gov

HbA1c Standardization

Need for Standardization
• 1993: Diabetes Control & Complication trial (DCCT), correlated chronic complications of Diabetes to degree of glycemic control with HbA1c as an Index. April 1993: American Association of Clinical Chemistry (AACC) estd HbA1c Standardization Subcommitee. Goal: To relate Individual Lab HbA1c results to those of DCCT, where relationships of HbA1c values to MBG and
Continue Reading
View Writing Issues

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Good Essays

    Diabetes Concept Map
    • 382 Words
    • 5 Pages

    Diabetes Concept Map

    References: Atkinson, M. A., Eisenbarth, G. S., & Michels, A. W. (2014). Type 1 diabetes. The Lancet, 383(9911), 69-82. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(13)60591-7…

    • 382 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays
    Read More
  • Good Essays

    Diuretics: Open-Book Quiz
    • 3652 Words
    • 15 Pages

    Diuretics: Open-Book Quiz

    Measurement of glycated hemoglobin is an index of average glucose levels over the prior 2 to 3 months.…

    • 3652 Words
    • 15 Pages
    Good Essays
    Read More
  • Better Essays

    MNT 1 Study Guide
    • 2089 Words
    • 11 Pages

    MNT 1 Study Guide

    regular ● If a person with type 1 diabetes has a set insulin regimen of 3 injections per day → they need to consume meals at consistent times with consistent CHO content. ● Negative side -effects of oral hypoglycemic agents that act as insulin secretagogues → B and C Insulin regimen Bolus - mimics pancreatic insulin response. Long acting - mimics basal pancreatic output (to limit catabolic pathways) Fixed insulin regime…

    • 2089 Words
    • 11 Pages
    Better Essays
    Read More
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Endocrine Disorders: Case Study 76 - Answer Key
    • 922 Words
    • 4 Pages

    Endocrine Disorders: Case Study 76 - Answer Key

    * HbA1C: 8.8%-The American College of Endocrinology recommends and A1C less than 6.5%. An A1C of 8.8% would also indicate diabetes mellitus.…

    • 922 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
    Read More
  • Good Essays

    14type 2 Diabetes: A Case Study
    • 477 Words
    • 2 Pages

    14type 2 Diabetes: A Case Study

    The results will be an aide for public health staff and wellness coordinators to implement programs that will indeed educate and slow down the development of future chronic diseases. The main categories that were of priority focus were: hemoglobin A1C, blood pressure, body mass index and waist circumference. Hemoglobin A1C lab values exposes the numbers relating to diabetes. Lab values of Hba1c are 5.6 and below are normal lab values, 5.7-6.4 are prediabetes, 6.5 or greater means the individual has diabetes. 13Diabetes mellitus affects an estimated 29.1 million people in the United States and is the 7th leading cause of death.14Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a major public health problem. 14Prediabetes is defined as impaired glucose tolerance or impaired fasting glucose or both. The goal is to have normal glucose levels within the majority population. 14Recognizing individuals with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus would enable management aimed at lowering glucose levels to reduce both progression from prediabetes and…

    • 477 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
    Read More
  • Good Essays

    Evidence Based Practice Project Sample
    • 1027 Words
    • 5 Pages

    Evidence Based Practice Project Sample

    This blood test done after every 3 months helps to determine how good patient is controlling his or her blood sugar levels( prevention research group, 2002) it has come to clear conclusion that new evidence based research is using AIC tests as a laboratory tool for diagnosing the patient with diabetes. ADAG uses mathematical equation that may be used in converting the AIC test results to estimated average glucose and they were successful in coming up with the ideas. This study of using AIC result could be expressed as an estimated average glucose using the mathematical equation. Based on ADAG current research, they come up with the ideas of comparing the AIC values for each patient, together with daily glucose reading for two days and in four times a day (Nathan, M. et al. (2008)…

    • 1027 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays
    Read More
  • Powerful Essays

    Lab report: blood glucose regulation
    • 1125 Words
    • 8 Pages

    Lab report: blood glucose regulation

    Because you can control on the amount of time you spend doing physical activities and the intake of both caffeine and alcohol.…

    • 1125 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Powerful Essays
    Read More
  • Powerful Essays

    Healthcare in America
    • 1852 Words
    • 6 Pages

    Healthcare in America

    “Approximately 8% of all adults in the United States have diabetes, and the percentage is proportionally higher in Hispanic, American Indian, and African American populations” (Redman, 2007, page 106). Type 1 diabetes accounts for about 5% of all diagnosed cases of diabetes (Centers for Disease Control, 2012). Diabetes is the seventh leading cause of death in the U.S (National Conference of State Legislatures, 2014). “From 1990 through 2010, the annual number of new cases of diagnosed diabetes almost tripled” (Centers for Disease Control, 2012, page 4). The rise in the incidence of type 2 diabetes cases is associated with increases in obesity, decreases in leisure-time, physical activity, and the aging of the U.S. population. “A 2010 CDC study projected that as many as one of three U.S. adults could have diabetes by 2050 if current trends continue” (Centers for Disease Control, 2012, page 4).…

    • 1852 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Powerful Essays
    Read More
  • Good Essays

    How Does Diabetes Affect Nursing
    • 1012 Words
    • 5 Pages

    How Does Diabetes Affect Nursing

    It can be argued that there is no greater health concern in the world, and in particular, the United States than the rapidly increasing number of people diagnosed with diabetes. Relatively recent changes to the diet and lifestyle of the general public have created a "perfect storm" of conditions that seem to perpetuate the onset of diabetes in an increasing number of people on a daily basis.…

    • 1012 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays
    Read More
  • Better Essays

    Type 1 Diabetes Research Papers
    • 1528 Words
    • 7 Pages

    Type 1 Diabetes Research Papers

    A., Eisenbarth, G. S., & Michels, A. W. (2014). Type 1 diabetes. The Lancet, 383(9911), 69-82.…

    • 1528 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Better Essays
    Read More
  • Powerful Essays

    Policy Brief Paper
    • 1467 Words
    • 6 Pages

    Policy Brief Paper

    Diabetes is the leading cause of cardiovascular disease, blindness, lower limb amputations and kidney failure in the United States (CDC, 2013a; Green, Brancati, & Albright, 2012). Diabetes is also a major cause of diabetic neuropathy, retinopathy, stroke and the seventh-leading cause of death in the U.S. (CDC, 2013a; O 'Connor, & Wellenius, 2012). The Centers for Disease Control estimated that diabetes would affect up to 33% of the U.S. population by 2050. In 2010, nearly 26 million individuals living in the U.S. had been diagnosed with diabetes and about 79 million are at high risk of developing the disease; this figure is almost more than three times higher than the total population living with diabetes in 1980 (Green, Brancati, & Albright, 2012), (CDC, 2013a; O 'Connor, & Wellenius, 2012; Zhou et al, 2012). About 1.9 million new cases are diagnosed annually in the U.S. and its prevalence has increased 5- to 7- fold in the U.S. (Green, Brancati, & Albright, 2012; ADA, 2013). About 90-95% of all newly diagnosed diabetes is directly linked to type 2 diabetes (CDC, 2013a; O 'Connor, & Wellenius, 2012).…

    • 1467 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Powerful Essays
    Read More
  • Good Essays

    Blood Sugar Levels and Dementia
    • 521 Words
    • 2 Pages

    Blood Sugar Levels and Dementia

    Dementia and memory loss is of major concern for all of us. It is estimated that 35 million people worldwide suffer from Alzheimer’s disease and it has been proposed that this number will grow to around 100 million within the next thirty years (Copped’e, 2012). Although, it has previously been established that an important risk factor of dementia is diabetes (Bijal, 2012), new evidence now suggests that sugar intake and its effects on memory may begin even sooner. Scientists reached the conclusion that the risk of dementia is 40% higher in those with high blood sugar levels, and 20% higher in pre-diabetic patients (Crane et al., 2013).…

    • 521 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
    Read More
  • Best Essays

    Long Term Conditions
    • 2612 Words
    • 11 Pages

    Long Term Conditions

    National Institute of Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) 2009 The Management of Type 2 Diabetes…

    • 2612 Words
    • 11 Pages
    Best Essays
    Read More
  • Better Essays

    Type 2 Diabetes in Youth
    • 1078 Words
    • 5 Pages

    Type 2 Diabetes in Youth

    Type 2 Diabetes in children and adolescents is an emerging epidemic within the last 20…

    • 1078 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Better Essays
    Read More
  • Good Essays

    Mental Health Critique
    • 781 Words
    • 4 Pages

    Mental Health Critique

    One of the strengths of this article is the abundance of information provided and its organization. The introduction provides a history of the topic, education on HbA1c levels, and previous research results done using primary evidence. Most importantly, the objectives, purpose, and hypothesis are all clearly stated. This study focused on outcomes rather than the usual studies that…

    • 781 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
    Read More

Related Topics