Mechanism of Action of Drugs Affecting the Cardiovascular System
Mechanism of Action of Drugs Affecting The Cardiovascular System
1) Antihypertensive Drugs: ➢ Diuretics ➢ (-Blockers ➢ ACE Inhibitors ➢ Angiotensin II-Receptor Antagonists ➢ Renin Inhibitors ➢ Calcium Channel Blockers ➢ (-Blockers 2) Antianginal Drugs ➢ Organic Nitrates ➢ (-Blockers ➢ Calcium Channel Blockers 3) Drug Treatment of Heart Failure ➢ Renin-Angiotensin System Blockers ➢ (-Blocker ➢ Diuretics ➢ Direct Vasodilators ➢ Inotropic Agents ➢ Aldosterone Antagonists 4) Drug Treatment of Cardiac arrhythmias ➢ Class I (Sodium Channel Blockers) ➢ Class II ((-adrenoreceptor Blockers) ➢ Class III (Potassium Channel Blockers) ➢ Class IV (Calcium Channel Blockers)
Antihypertensive Drugs: Diuretics:- ➢ Hydrochlorothiazide ➢ Bumetanide ➢ Furosemide ➢ Eplerenone ➢ Spironolactone ➢ Triamterene
Hydrochlorothiazide is a thiazide diuretic. The thiazide derivatives act mainly in the distal tubule to decrease the reabsorption of sodium by inhibition of a Sodium/Chloride co-transporter on the luminal membrane of the distal convulated tubule. These drugs increase the concentration of sodium and chloride in the tubular fluid.
Bumetanide and Furosemide are loop diuretics. They inhibit the co-transport of sodium/potassium/2 chloride ions in the luminal membrane in the ascending limb of the loop of Henle. Therefore, the reabsorption of these ions is decreased.
Eplerenone, Spironolactone and Triamterene are potassium-sparing diuretics.
Spironolactone antagonizes aldosterone at intra-cellular cytoplasmic receptor sites. The spironolactone-receptor complex is inactive. That is, it prevents
1) Antihypertensive Drugs: ➢ Diuretics ➢ (-Blockers ➢ ACE Inhibitors ➢ Angiotensin II-Receptor Antagonists ➢ Renin Inhibitors ➢ Calcium Channel Blockers ➢ (-Blockers 2) Antianginal Drugs ➢ Organic Nitrates ➢ (-Blockers ➢ Calcium Channel Blockers 3) Drug Treatment of Heart Failure ➢ Renin-Angiotensin System Blockers ➢ (-Blocker ➢ Diuretics ➢ Direct Vasodilators ➢ Inotropic Agents ➢ Aldosterone Antagonists 4) Drug Treatment of Cardiac arrhythmias ➢ Class I (Sodium Channel Blockers) ➢ Class II ((-adrenoreceptor Blockers) ➢ Class III (Potassium Channel Blockers) ➢ Class IV (Calcium Channel Blockers)
Antihypertensive Drugs: Diuretics:- ➢ Hydrochlorothiazide ➢ Bumetanide ➢ Furosemide ➢ Eplerenone ➢ Spironolactone ➢ Triamterene
Hydrochlorothiazide is a thiazide diuretic. The thiazide derivatives act mainly in the distal tubule to decrease the reabsorption of sodium by inhibition of a Sodium/Chloride co-transporter on the luminal membrane of the distal convulated tubule. These drugs increase the concentration of sodium and chloride in the tubular fluid.
Bumetanide and Furosemide are loop diuretics. They inhibit the co-transport of sodium/potassium/2 chloride ions in the luminal membrane in the ascending limb of the loop of Henle. Therefore, the reabsorption of these ions is decreased.
Eplerenone, Spironolactone and Triamterene are potassium-sparing diuretics.
Spironolactone antagonizes aldosterone at intra-cellular cytoplasmic receptor sites. The spironolactone-receptor complex is inactive. That is, it prevents