Maslow's Pyramid Hierarchy Study Guide

The vast majority of life changes and stages we pass through are due to our common biological and psychological heritage as human beings and are shared by all people. We are constantly changing from the moment we are born until the day we die. Some changes are personal choice and other are by chance. Reviewing Maslow’s pyramid hierarchy; when basic needs are not met it takes a sociological effect. Physiological needs are breathing, food, water, shelter, clothing and sleep. Safety and security needs are health, employment, property, family and social stability. Love and belonging needs include friendship, family, intimacy, and a sense of connection. Self-esteem needs includes confidence, achievement, respect of others, and the need to be a unique individual. Self-actualization needs includes morality, creativity, spontaneity, acceptance, experience purpose meaning and inner potential. “It is
Infancy is birth to 2 years the psychosocial crisis is trust versus mistrust. Toddlerhood is 2 to 3 years – autonomy versus shame and doubt. Early school age is 4 to 6 years – initiative versus guilt. Middle childhood is age 6 to 11 years – industry versus inferiority. Early adolescence is 12 to 18 years – group identity versus alienation. Later adolescence is 18 to 24 years – individual identity versus identity confusion. Early adulthood is 24 to 34 years – Intimacy versus isolation. Middle adulthood is 34 to 60 years – generativity versus stagnation. Later adulthood is 60 to 75 years – integrity versus despair. Elderhood is 75 years until death. Counseling need to be age appropriate not only in chronical age but maturation also. Persistent poverty and exposure to poverty during infancy and early childhood are associated with greater vulnerability and more negative consequences to health, cognitive development and school achievement and mental health. A theory of development usually helps to explain how people change and grow over time, as well as how to account for