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Management Stategic

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Management Stategic
By Roberto Hutapea, SE, MM

Tujuan

layout peralatan dan proses produksi merupakan optimasi pengaturan fasilitas operasi sehingga nilai yang diciptakan oleh sistem produktif maksimum : efektif, meminimumkan biaya penanganan bahan dan jarak angkut, kesinambungan proses produksi, menyederhanakan proses dsb.

1.

Layout fungsional (job lot), yaitu pengelompokkan mesin, buruh dan peralatan sejenis pada suatu tempat, yang memiliki fungsi yang sama. Mesin serba guna, biayanya lebih murah. Proses operasi yang berbedabeda dapat berjalan lancar walau pun ada mesin yang rusak. Namun, biaya mesin serba guna per output lebih tinggi. Routing, scheduling, accounting memakan biaya karena dikerjakan secara terpisah. Proses ini lebih baik untuk memproduksi barang dalam volume kecil dengan macam produk yang banyak.







Lay-Out produk (garis), yaitu pengelompokkan mesin dan peralatan berdasarkan urutan proses produksi. Lay-Out kelompok, kadang diperlakukan sebagai lay-out yang terpisah, merupakan variasi dari lay-out produk : bagian dan komponen produk dikelompokkan menjadi semacam keluarga,. berbagai area / departemen dipisahkan. Lay-out posisi tetap menempatkan produk kompleks pada suatu tempat

 Project

(no product flow)  Job shop (jumbled flow)
• Produk A
• Produk B • Produk C
 Line

WC1 WC2 WC3 B WC4 WC5 WC6 C WC7 WC8 A

flow

X

• X WS1 WS2 WS3 WS4 WS5 Output • Keterangan: WS : Workstation (stasiun kerja)

 Specify

the sequential relationships among tasks using a precedence diagram. The diagram consists of circles and arrows. Circles represent individual tasks; arrows indicate the order of tasks performance  Determine the required cycle time ( C ) , using the formula C = Production time per day Required output per day (in units)

 Determine

the teoritical minimum number of workstations (Nt) required to satisfy the cycle time constraint using the formula Nt = Sum of tasks times ( T ) Cycle time ( C )  Select a primary

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