Linux
UNIT 1 LINUX SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE
Structure 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 Introduction Objectives Internal Structure of Linux System Architecture Overview of the Kernel System Supporting Multiple Developers System Data Structure Subsystem Architecture Linux File System More About Kernel Miscellaneous Concerns Let Us Sum Up Check Your Progress: The Key Suggested Reading
Linux System Architecture
1.0
INTRODUCTION
Architecture is the main blood line of any technology. The same is applicable for the operating systems also. The Linux operating system is having its unique architecture. Linux is having kernel and shell as its major components. This unit cover the topics related with the architecture of the Linux operating system and file structure.
1.1
OBJECTIVES
After studying this unit, you should be able to understand: • • • • • structure of Linux; Linux Kernel ; system data structure; subsystem architecture; and Linux file structure.
5
Linux Security
1.2
INTERNAL STRUCTURE OF LINUX
Two Major components of Linux 1. Shell 2. Kernel
Fig. 1 Shell 1. Shell is the command interpreter which reads the program we type at terminal, line by line and perform the required operations. 2. The shell is the part of Linux O.S that acts as an intermediary between user and the O.S. 3. It develops a shell around the system that converts our instructions into commands, which helps the system to understand and act on it. 4. Linux system provides every user its own copy of shell program which makes him work freely without any interference of other users. Kernel The other component of the Linux O.S is the kernel which makes a direct interface with the hardware components. The Kernel Performs Different Functions •
6
The kernel make creation and deletion of processes, schedule the memory management and I/O management of the processor.
•
It provides a mechanism for synchronization of processes so that processes
Structure 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 Introduction Objectives Internal Structure of Linux System Architecture Overview of the Kernel System Supporting Multiple Developers System Data Structure Subsystem Architecture Linux File System More About Kernel Miscellaneous Concerns Let Us Sum Up Check Your Progress: The Key Suggested Reading
Linux System Architecture
1.0
INTRODUCTION
Architecture is the main blood line of any technology. The same is applicable for the operating systems also. The Linux operating system is having its unique architecture. Linux is having kernel and shell as its major components. This unit cover the topics related with the architecture of the Linux operating system and file structure.
1.1
OBJECTIVES
After studying this unit, you should be able to understand: • • • • • structure of Linux; Linux Kernel ; system data structure; subsystem architecture; and Linux file structure.
5
Linux Security
1.2
INTERNAL STRUCTURE OF LINUX
Two Major components of Linux 1. Shell 2. Kernel
Fig. 1 Shell 1. Shell is the command interpreter which reads the program we type at terminal, line by line and perform the required operations. 2. The shell is the part of Linux O.S that acts as an intermediary between user and the O.S. 3. It develops a shell around the system that converts our instructions into commands, which helps the system to understand and act on it. 4. Linux system provides every user its own copy of shell program which makes him work freely without any interference of other users. Kernel The other component of the Linux O.S is the kernel which makes a direct interface with the hardware components. The Kernel Performs Different Functions •
6
The kernel make creation and deletion of processes, schedule the memory management and I/O management of the processor.
•
It provides a mechanism for synchronization of processes so that processes