Linear Regression
Linear -------------------------------------------------
Important
EXERCISE 27 SIMPLE LINEAR REGRESSION
STATISTICAL TECHNIQUE IN REVIEW
Linear regression provides a means to estimate or predict the value of a dependent variable based on the value of one or more independent variables. The regression equation is a mathematical expression of a causal proposition emerging from a theoretical framework. The linkage between the theoretical statement and the equation is made prior to data collection and analysis. Linear regression is a statistical method of estimating the expected value of one variable, y, given the value of another variable, x. The term simple linear regression refers to the use of one independent variable, x, to predict one dependent variable, y.
The regression line is usually plotted on a graph, with the horizontal axis representing x (the independent or predictor variable) and the vertical axis representing the y (the dependent or predicted variable) (see Figure 27-1). The value represented by the letter a is referred to as the y intercept or the point where the regression line crosses or intercepts the y-axis. At this point on the regression line, x = 0. The value represented by the letter b is referred to as the slope, or the coefficient of x. The slope determines the direction and angle of the regression line within the graph. The slope expresses the extent to which y changes for every 1-unit change in x. The score on variable y (dependent variable) is predicted from the subject's known score on variable x (independent variable). The predicted score or estimate is referred to as Ŷ (expressed as y-hat) (Burns & Grove, 2005).
FIGURE 27-1 Graph of a Simple Linear Regression Line
Simple linear regression is an effort to explain the dynamics within a scatter plot by drawing a straight line through the plotted scores. No single regression line can be used to predict with complete accuracy every y value from every x value. However, the
Important
EXERCISE 27 SIMPLE LINEAR REGRESSION
STATISTICAL TECHNIQUE IN REVIEW
Linear regression provides a means to estimate or predict the value of a dependent variable based on the value of one or more independent variables. The regression equation is a mathematical expression of a causal proposition emerging from a theoretical framework. The linkage between the theoretical statement and the equation is made prior to data collection and analysis. Linear regression is a statistical method of estimating the expected value of one variable, y, given the value of another variable, x. The term simple linear regression refers to the use of one independent variable, x, to predict one dependent variable, y.
The regression line is usually plotted on a graph, with the horizontal axis representing x (the independent or predictor variable) and the vertical axis representing the y (the dependent or predicted variable) (see Figure 27-1). The value represented by the letter a is referred to as the y intercept or the point where the regression line crosses or intercepts the y-axis. At this point on the regression line, x = 0. The value represented by the letter b is referred to as the slope, or the coefficient of x. The slope determines the direction and angle of the regression line within the graph. The slope expresses the extent to which y changes for every 1-unit change in x. The score on variable y (dependent variable) is predicted from the subject's known score on variable x (independent variable). The predicted score or estimate is referred to as Ŷ (expressed as y-hat) (Burns & Grove, 2005).
FIGURE 27-1 Graph of a Simple Linear Regression Line
Simple linear regression is an effort to explain the dynamics within a scatter plot by drawing a straight line through the plotted scores. No single regression line can be used to predict with complete accuracy every y value from every x value. However, the