Lexicology

LEXICOLOGY 1. Principles of general linguistics 2. The structure of English words 3. Derivation as a major word-building pattern 4. Compounding. Classification of compounding 5. Shortening and abbreviation 6. Conversion. Types of conversion 7. Minor types (доп. способы) of word-building 8. The problem of meaning 9. Types of meaning 10. Change of meaning 11. Transfer of meaning (metaphor, metonymy) 12. Polysemy or plurality of meaning 13. Homonyms, classification of homonyms 14. Synonyms, types of synonyms 15. Antonyms 16. Phraseology 17. Borrowings in English

1. Principles of general linguistics Lexicology is of Greek origin (“Lexis” – word, “logos” – science).
It studies words and expressions in respect to their structure, meaning and origin.
In other words the structure of words is studied in morphology, the meaning in semantics and origin in etymology.
Lexicology
Lexis Logos
Structure (Morphology) Meaning (Semantics) Origin (Etymology)

Lexicology is based on the general principles of linguistics.
The word is the basic unit of a language. 1) Language is a social phenomena 2) Language is the unity of forms and content

There are two approaches: 1. Synchronic – studies the language at the certain period of development. 2. Diachronic – studies the changes in the language through time.

2. The structure of English words
From the point of view of the structure all words can be divided into: * simple * derived * compound

Simple words consist of one root
Derived words consist of morphemes (smallest meaningful units).

Functional Derivational

Gr. endings Suffixes Prefixes (stand after (stand before the root) the root) justice