Lecture 8 Matter
Chemistry
•Matter
•
•
•
States
Properties
Classification
Chemistry
is
the study of the composition, properties and structure of matter. it is considered “the central science”; blending at one extreme into physics, mathematics, engineering and sometimes into earth and life
Chemistry
Is the study of the matter, its classification, composition, properties and structure; the changes it undergoes, the energy transformation that goes with the change, and the laws and principles governing such changes.
Matter
Is anything that occupies space and has mass. Can be invisible (can not be seen by the naked eye).
May appear to be continuous and unbroken (but it is actually discontinuous; since it is made up of tiny particles).
Can be classified based on the physical state, or based on the chemical state or composition. Matter
An apparently empty test tube is submerged, mouth downward in water.
Only a small volume of water rises into the tube, which is actually filled with invisible matter, that is air.
System
The body of matter under consideration, study or observation. Example: In an ice water mixture ice is the solid phase and water is the liquid phase. The system is the ice and water together.
6
Homogeneous System and Heterogeneous
System
Homogeneous
7
Heterogeneous
Homogeneous System and Heterogeneous
System
Homogeneous System – Matter that is uniform in appearance and with uniform properties throughout.
Examples: ice, soda, solid gold, metal alloy
Heterogeneous System – Matter with two or more physically distinct phases present. 8
Deposition
Freezing
Solid
Condensation
Liquid
Melting
Evaporation
Gas
Phases are homogenous part of a system
Sublimation
and separated from other parts by physical
Phase Change
10
11
Phase Changes in Matter
- Melting
- Sublimation
Solid to liquid
- Freezing
Solid to gas
Liquid to solid - Evaporation
- Condensation
Liquid to gas
- Deposition
Gas to liquid
Gas
to solid
Bose Einstein
•Matter
•
•
•
States
Properties
Classification
Chemistry
is
the study of the composition, properties and structure of matter. it is considered “the central science”; blending at one extreme into physics, mathematics, engineering and sometimes into earth and life
Chemistry
Is the study of the matter, its classification, composition, properties and structure; the changes it undergoes, the energy transformation that goes with the change, and the laws and principles governing such changes.
Matter
Is anything that occupies space and has mass. Can be invisible (can not be seen by the naked eye).
May appear to be continuous and unbroken (but it is actually discontinuous; since it is made up of tiny particles).
Can be classified based on the physical state, or based on the chemical state or composition. Matter
An apparently empty test tube is submerged, mouth downward in water.
Only a small volume of water rises into the tube, which is actually filled with invisible matter, that is air.
System
The body of matter under consideration, study or observation. Example: In an ice water mixture ice is the solid phase and water is the liquid phase. The system is the ice and water together.
6
Homogeneous System and Heterogeneous
System
Homogeneous
7
Heterogeneous
Homogeneous System and Heterogeneous
System
Homogeneous System – Matter that is uniform in appearance and with uniform properties throughout.
Examples: ice, soda, solid gold, metal alloy
Heterogeneous System – Matter with two or more physically distinct phases present. 8
Deposition
Freezing
Solid
Condensation
Liquid
Melting
Evaporation
Gas
Phases are homogenous part of a system
Sublimation
and separated from other parts by physical
Phase Change
10
11
Phase Changes in Matter
- Melting
- Sublimation
Solid to liquid
- Freezing
Solid to gas
Liquid to solid - Evaporation
- Condensation
Liquid to gas
- Deposition
Gas to liquid
Gas
to solid
Bose Einstein