Lecture 1
common senses
Flavors, aromas, and chemical signals released from animals can make the mouth water, evoke vivid memories, and perhaps even signal stress or fertility. How does the brain sort it all out?
Salt! &! Sugar"
1
Salt "
• Table Salt – Sodium Chloride (may include • Kosher Salt – Large grain salt (sodium • Sea Salt – mixture of salts found in common sea water" chloride)" some additives like Iodine)"
Salt substitutes "
Salt substitutes are low-sodium table salt alternatives marketed to circumvent the risk of high blood pressure and cardiovascular disease associated with a high intake of sodium chloride while maintaining a similar taste. They usually contain mostly potassium chloride.
2
Gatorade "
The beverage was first developed in 1965 by researchers at the University of Florida, to replenish the combination of water, carbohydrates, and electrolytes that the school’s student-athletes lost (in sweat) during rigorous athletic competitions. The earliest versions of the beverage consisted of a mixture of water, sodium, sugar, potassium, phosphate, and lemon juice.
University of Florida football player Chip Hinton testing out Gatorade in 1965, pictured next to one of its inventors, Robert Cade
Ancient Salt Trade"
In the early 1970s, legal questions arose regarding whether or not the researchers who invented Gatorade were entitled to ownership of its rights, since they were working under a federal government grant that provided stipends at the time. The University of Florida also claimed partial rights ownership, which was brought to resolution in 1973 in the form of a settlement awarding the university with a 20 percent share of Gatorade royalties totaling $100 million as of 2004. Gatorade is now own by PepsiCo and within the USA accounts for 75% of sports drinks.
3
sal-, sali- +! (Latin: salt)!
• • •
Salad Originally, a "salted" dish. The Romans were fond of dishes of assorted raw vegetables with a dressing, and
Flavors, aromas, and chemical signals released from animals can make the mouth water, evoke vivid memories, and perhaps even signal stress or fertility. How does the brain sort it all out?
Salt! &! Sugar"
1
Salt "
• Table Salt – Sodium Chloride (may include • Kosher Salt – Large grain salt (sodium • Sea Salt – mixture of salts found in common sea water" chloride)" some additives like Iodine)"
Salt substitutes "
Salt substitutes are low-sodium table salt alternatives marketed to circumvent the risk of high blood pressure and cardiovascular disease associated with a high intake of sodium chloride while maintaining a similar taste. They usually contain mostly potassium chloride.
2
Gatorade "
The beverage was first developed in 1965 by researchers at the University of Florida, to replenish the combination of water, carbohydrates, and electrolytes that the school’s student-athletes lost (in sweat) during rigorous athletic competitions. The earliest versions of the beverage consisted of a mixture of water, sodium, sugar, potassium, phosphate, and lemon juice.
University of Florida football player Chip Hinton testing out Gatorade in 1965, pictured next to one of its inventors, Robert Cade
Ancient Salt Trade"
In the early 1970s, legal questions arose regarding whether or not the researchers who invented Gatorade were entitled to ownership of its rights, since they were working under a federal government grant that provided stipends at the time. The University of Florida also claimed partial rights ownership, which was brought to resolution in 1973 in the form of a settlement awarding the university with a 20 percent share of Gatorade royalties totaling $100 million as of 2004. Gatorade is now own by PepsiCo and within the USA accounts for 75% of sports drinks.
3
sal-, sali- +! (Latin: salt)!
• • •
Salad Originally, a "salted" dish. The Romans were fond of dishes of assorted raw vegetables with a dressing, and