Preview

Labeling Theory Essay

Good Essays
Open Document
Open Document
472 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
Labeling Theory Essay
INTRODUCTION

Labeling theory is the theory of how the self-identity and behaviour of individuals maybe determined or influence by the terms used to describe or classify them. It holds that deviance is not inherent to an act, but instead focuses on the tendency of majorities to negatively label minorities of those seen as deviant from a standard norms. Labeling theory is the view of deviance according to which being labeled as a deviant lead a person to engage in deviant behaviour (Howard Becker,1960). Further more, he explains that labeling theory is the reason why people's behavior clashes with social norms. For example, a teenager who lives in an urban area frequented by gangs might be labeled as a gang member. Accordingly, the teenager might begin to behave like a gang member or become one. Sometime the person labeled incorporates with the label and begin to think of himself or herself as a gang member. Nowadays, there were
…show more content…
And labeling is the problem among youth in general, it is particularly important issue for LGBT youth, they continue to experience various forms of oppression and discrimination throughout the world (Roben, 2002). And because of their identity, most of them have been abused or harassed by their parents, family members and even classmates. They continue to face severe discrimination in their homes, schools and in their community (Lawrence, 2005).The most explicit sources of minority stress among LGBT youth are family rejection (Toomey, C.R. & R. Diaz, Rusell, 2010), discrimination and violence that minority persons experience because of their stigmatized minority position (Garnets, Herek and Leve, 1990 as cited in Lawrence, 2005). Such experience may lead LGBT youth to: use drugs, take alcohol, psycological distress and risky sexual behavior ( Wright & Perry, 2006) or even suicide attemps ( Gibson, 1989: Remaride, Farrow, & Deisher, 1991as cited in Wright & Perry

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Good Essays

    Sociologists would define labelling as a process of attaching a definition or meaning to an individual or group. For example, police officers may label a youth a “trouble maker”. Agents of social control define an individual which leads to a person being labelled by those who have the power to make the label stick and therefore the individual is seen as a deviant. In his essay I will look at the work of Howard Becker, Jock young and Edwin M. Lemert who look at the effects of the labelling theory on individuals and their contributions on how an individual becomes a deviant.…

    • 916 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Focusing on interactionist approaches such as Becker (1963); labelling theory suggests that deviancy is a social process usually related to power differences but it doesn't explain the causes of crime. It does however explain why some people or actions are described as deviant, and can help in understanding crime and deviance. Becker argues deviance is a behaviour which has been labelled deviant by the reaction of others. This suggests that there is really no such thing as a deviant act. An act only becomes deviant when others perceive it as such. The application of a label to someone has significant consequences for how that person is treated by others and perceives him or herself.…

    • 734 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Labelling theorists are concerned with how and why certain people and actions come to be labelled as criminal or deviant, and what effects this has on those who are labelled as such. As stated in Item A, labelling theory is focused with how individuals construct society based on their interactions with each other.…

    • 725 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Better Essays

    “Deviancy is not a quality of the act a person commits but rather a consequence of the application by others of rules and sanctions to an ‘offender’. Deviant behaviour is behaviour that people so label.”…

    • 1194 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    W4A1

    • 379 Words
    • 2 Pages

    Labeling theory is based on the idea that behaviors are deviant only when society labels them as deviant. As such, conforming members of society, who interpret certain behaviors as deviant and then attach this label to individuals, determine the distinction between deviance and non-deviance.…

    • 379 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    Essay On Labelling Theory

    • 600 Words
    • 3 Pages

    However, in the new perspective, a deviant act becomes deviant only when it is labelled as such. This attracted criticism over the nature of harmful acts that are not witnessed and reacted to and whether or not the theory implies that they are moral as long as they go without social reaction. Becker tackles this criticism by arguing that the theory does not presume to be absolute and by underlining four main categories which include the Secret Deviant. Also, self-enforcement is not dismissed as a deviant might consider their own actions wrong and self –label and self-punish.…

    • 600 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    The labeling theory is a symbolic-interaction approach that states regardless of an action a doer does, only the public’s perception has the ability to determine its severity. After the judgement as been made, society labels the doer with a role.…

    • 759 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    The Trevor Project

    • 4923 Words
    • 20 Pages

    Researchers have found that suicide among lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender youth (LGBT) is comparatively higher than among the general population. According to some groups, this is linked to heterocentric cultures and institutionalised homophobia in some cases, including the use of LGBT people as a political wedge issue like in the contemporary efforts to halt legalising same-sex marriages[citation needed]. Depression and drug use among LGBT people have both been shown to increase significantly after new laws that discriminate against gay people are passed.[1]…

    • 4923 Words
    • 20 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    White-collar Crime- Crime

    • 513 Words
    • 3 Pages

    5. Labeling- the idea that deviance and conformity result not so much from what people do as from how others respond to those actions.…

    • 513 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    From the sociological perspective, deviance is viewed as going against cultural norms. In fact, Howard S. Becker believed that deviance was not the act itself, but societies reaction to said act. Similarly, Ervin Goffman added to this by proposing “social stigma”, where people disapprove of something creating certain standards for everyone else. Adding to that theory is the Functionalist Perspective, which states that deviance promotes social unity. By someone deviating from the norms of society, others band together to disapprove creating the social stigma of conformity. Another theory is the illegitimate opportunity theory, which is when social classes exhibit different styles of crime, like someone stealing who is from an impoverished area;…

    • 252 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    Deviant Behavior/Tattoos

    • 692 Words
    • 3 Pages

    Beginning from a child we begin to experience different situations and interactions with others. We start getting taught the difference between right and wrong, what may be considered good and what is considered bad, and also taught the things we should and should not do. As we grow older we try to refrain from behavior of which society may disapprove of. Society see’s certain types of behavior as being deviant. First let’s begin by explaining what is a deviant behavior? Deviant behavior can be any behavior that does not conform to what people may consider normal, a behavior that does not meet with many expectations in society. Societies are both social structure and culture. Robert K Merton developed structural strain theory which is a perspective on what is deviance (Crossman, (n.d.)).…

    • 692 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Columbine Shooters

    • 1234 Words
    • 5 Pages

    The labeling theory states that once a juvenile becomes labeled by police, courts, teachers, parents and peers they can become stigmatized and treated as criminals. In turn the juvenile may began to live up to that self –fulfilling prophecy thereby committing more crimes. It is believed that with…

    • 1234 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Labeling Theory

    • 515 Words
    • 3 Pages

    Labeling Theory begins with the idea that people will be at odds with one another because their values and beliefs differ. Certain people then gain power and translate their normative and value preferences into rules which govern institutional life which gives the position to place negative labels on those who do not follow their rules, calling them deviants. Howard S. Becker popularized this labeling perspective. He believed that deviance results from social judgments relative to group norms that are applied as labels to certain forms of behavior. Becker stated: “Social groups create deviance by making the rules whose infraction constitutes deviance and by applying the rules to particular people and labeling them as outsiders”. He felt that studying the act of the individual was unimportant because deviance is simply rule breaking behavior that is labeled deviant by persons in positions of power.…

    • 515 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Social Diversity

    • 2286 Words
    • 10 Pages

    Individuals who express an alternative sexuality or orientation face discrimination in their daily lives. They experience disparities in basic right and liberties, parenting/adoption, relationships and marriage. Youths in school who express an alternative sexuality are harassed for being different and transgender people experience harassment as well. Even in the military, these individuals experience discrimination. Therefore, the “Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell” policy was put in place to protect gays and lesbians. Lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgendered (LGBT) individuals are unique and have unique needs in terms of civil justice and equality. The LGBT population comprises a diverse community with health concerns, civil liberty needs and family planning anxieties. They must also deal with paranoia, isolation, depression, and others being homophobic due to their sexual orientation. The issues surrounding personal, family, and social acceptance of sexual orientation can place a significant burden on mental as well as physical health for those in the LGBT community. (Clarke, 2010). Some individuals go as far as contemplating suicide to actually completing suicide because they feel they are less worthy than people of heterosexuality. If these individuals were more accepted in society, more information would be attainable to increase programs to meet the unique needs in these communities. LGBT people must deal with prejudice and discrimination when trying to obtain health care in hospitals and certain religious-based clinics and hospitals. (Sember, 2006).…

    • 2286 Words
    • 10 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    Conclusions

    • 619 Words
    • 3 Pages

    Historically, the pathologization of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and questioning (LGBTQ) orientations shaped research and professional practice, while the impact of stigma was not considered. Within a minority stress conceptualization however, stigma-related prejudice and discrimination experienced by LGBTQ people constitute chronically stressful events that can lead to negative health outcomes. Minority stress has been linked to psychological distress among gay men and lesbians and may contribute to elevated rates of distress frequently observed among LGBTQ youth. This study explored the impact of minority stress on psychological distress among LGBTQ youth in Ireland. Measures assessing three components of minority stress (sexual identity distress, stigma consciousness, and heterosexist experiences) were administered online to LGBTQ youth aged 16–24 years (N = 301). Each minority stressor had a significant independent association with distress. Stepwise regression analyses identified the linear combination of minority stressors as significantly predictive of distress [F(3,201) = 30.80, p ≤ 0.001]. Results suggest that the oppressive social environment created through sexual/transgender identity-related stigma negatively impacts on the well-being of LGBTQ youth. These findings have implications for health professionals and policy makers interested in the concerns of LGBTQ youth experiencing difficulties related to minority status and will facilitate the development and tailoring of interventions aimed at reaching those most at risk.…

    • 619 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays