Julius Caesar Chapter Summaries

Ire Ulterius-Gaul
1.Southern region of the modern France around Marseilles is called Provence. After Julius Caesar's’ conquest in the 1st century the Roman called that area Provincia Romana, which later evolved in Provence.
2. Lake of Geneva is called Lac Léman.
3. Eleanor of Aquitaine was the queen of England who was the wife of Henry II and mother of Richard the Lion Hearted. Eleanor was born in what is now southern France.
4.
Chapter 1 of Book 1: Gaul was divided in three parts: Belgae, Aquitani, Celts(Gaul). All of the parts had their own laws, languages and customs. There is river that separate Gauls from Aquitani- Garonne; and Marne and Seine separate them from the Belgae. Belgae is described that is in the worst position, because they live
To do that Ceasar with his army had to cross Rhine river. The piers supporting the bridge were constructed of one and a half foot thick logs. These tigna bina were tied together in pairs with a two foot gap between them. They were then driven into the river bed at an oblique angle using a pile driver. This was apparently a large stone, attached to block and tackle on poles, that could be swung at the posts once they were tied into position. Once two sets of these posts were secure a large log ( was placed between them in the slot formed by the two foot gap. Angled supporting posts were tied to the tigna bina to provide additional support.Caesar says the piles were positioned forty feet apart before they were driven into the riverbed. Once the support structure was in place, logs were laid across the piers and then boards were used to form the roadway. Once the bridge was complete, the army crossed over the Rhine. They spent 18 days in the land of the Sugambri, burning abandoned villages because the enemy had fled their homeland in fear of the Roman juggernaut. After treating with the Ubii, Caesar crossed back over the Rhine and destroyed the bridge behind