Joseph's Story
AP2530 Human A&P I
Unit 2. Case Study 1. The Cellular Level of Organization
B. Assuming Joseph’s heart has stopped, what cellular processes and membrane functions are going to be affected by the loss of oxygen, blood glucose, and waste removal? Assuming Joseph’s heart has stopped, the mitochondria and aerobic processes will be affected. The mitochondria is known as the powerhouse of the cell where ATP is produced. Oxygen and glucose are the main sources of energy for ATP. The muscle cells, liver cells and kidneys cells use ATP at a high rate to maintain homeostasis. The loss of oxygen and blood glucose to his organs will cause him to have a homeostatic imbalance and many of his organ cells will die causing them to lose functions. If his heart has stopped, waste removal will come to a stop. His blood flow aids in removing waste products with needed products to maintain homeostasis. Carbon dioxide is a waster product that needs to be excreted.
C. Which intracellular organelles have membranes as part of their structure? All intracellular organelles have membranes as part of their structure except ribosomes. How would the breakdown of the membranes of these structures affect the function of Joseph’s heart cells? The breakdown of the membranes of these structures affect the heart’s function by causing calcium ATPase to cease moving calcium from the cytosol into the endoplasmic reticulum of Joseph’s cardiac muscle cells. The rise of calcium levels causes proteases to spill into the cell which attacks the cytoskeleton.
D. Two important pieces of information – the instructions Joseph’s body needs to repair itself and his predisposition for vascular disease – are both contained within the cell on which structures? Joseph’s information needed to repair itself is contained within the cells of his DNA. His predisposition for vascular disease is held in his mitochondrial DNA.
E. Joseph’s heart attack has caused the function of his cells to change. What types of
Unit 2. Case Study 1. The Cellular Level of Organization
B. Assuming Joseph’s heart has stopped, what cellular processes and membrane functions are going to be affected by the loss of oxygen, blood glucose, and waste removal? Assuming Joseph’s heart has stopped, the mitochondria and aerobic processes will be affected. The mitochondria is known as the powerhouse of the cell where ATP is produced. Oxygen and glucose are the main sources of energy for ATP. The muscle cells, liver cells and kidneys cells use ATP at a high rate to maintain homeostasis. The loss of oxygen and blood glucose to his organs will cause him to have a homeostatic imbalance and many of his organ cells will die causing them to lose functions. If his heart has stopped, waste removal will come to a stop. His blood flow aids in removing waste products with needed products to maintain homeostasis. Carbon dioxide is a waster product that needs to be excreted.
C. Which intracellular organelles have membranes as part of their structure? All intracellular organelles have membranes as part of their structure except ribosomes. How would the breakdown of the membranes of these structures affect the function of Joseph’s heart cells? The breakdown of the membranes of these structures affect the heart’s function by causing calcium ATPase to cease moving calcium from the cytosol into the endoplasmic reticulum of Joseph’s cardiac muscle cells. The rise of calcium levels causes proteases to spill into the cell which attacks the cytoskeleton.
D. Two important pieces of information – the instructions Joseph’s body needs to repair itself and his predisposition for vascular disease – are both contained within the cell on which structures? Joseph’s information needed to repair itself is contained within the cells of his DNA. His predisposition for vascular disease is held in his mitochondrial DNA.
E. Joseph’s heart attack has caused the function of his cells to change. What types of