Interpersonal and Group Dynamics
INTERPERSONAL AND GROUP DYNAMICS
WRITER’S NAME
COURSE NAME
INSTRUCTOR’S NAME
DATE
References
Theory
Types of biases the theory addresses
Why does the bias occur?
Sources or drives of bias
Moderators of Theory
Reduction of Bias
Alderfer, C.P., & Smith, K.K. (1982). Studying inter-group relations embedded in organizations. Administrative Science Quarterly, 27(1), 35-65.
Embedded Inter-group Theory
- Inter-group discrimination
- Racial discrimination
- Inter-group conflict
- Feelings of superiority and inferiority
- Discrimination amongst co-workers, supervisors and other organizations.
- Gender discrimination
- Individuals are continuously trying to create a sense of balance between the challenging demands and expectations depending on membership in their identity and organizational groups.
- Discrimination arises when employees think that they are being ill-treated while others being treated fairly.
- Cognitive basis of inter-group differentiation
- Perceived discrimination
- Group diversification within the members group.
- Power and position of the individual within a group.
-Differentiation in hierarchal position.
- Regular use of evaluation tools such as employee opinion surveys, focus groups, exit interviews, and an analysis of patterns of employee grievances.
- Investigate discriminatory incidents and take steps to resolve and gaps in perceptions.
- Communicate this to the employees early-on in their careers.
- Special training to handle such matters.
- Diversity awareness
- Mentoring programs
Ashforth, B., & Mael, F. (1989). Social identity theory and the organization.
Academy of Management Review, 14(1), 20-39.
Brown, R. (2000). Social Identity Theory: past achievements, current problems and future challenges. European Journal of Social Psychology, 30, 745-778.
Social-Identity Theory
- Categorization
- Feelings of superiority
WRITER’S NAME
COURSE NAME
INSTRUCTOR’S NAME
DATE
References
Theory
Types of biases the theory addresses
Why does the bias occur?
Sources or drives of bias
Moderators of Theory
Reduction of Bias
Alderfer, C.P., & Smith, K.K. (1982). Studying inter-group relations embedded in organizations. Administrative Science Quarterly, 27(1), 35-65.
Embedded Inter-group Theory
- Inter-group discrimination
- Racial discrimination
- Inter-group conflict
- Feelings of superiority and inferiority
- Discrimination amongst co-workers, supervisors and other organizations.
- Gender discrimination
- Individuals are continuously trying to create a sense of balance between the challenging demands and expectations depending on membership in their identity and organizational groups.
- Discrimination arises when employees think that they are being ill-treated while others being treated fairly.
- Cognitive basis of inter-group differentiation
- Perceived discrimination
- Group diversification within the members group.
- Power and position of the individual within a group.
-Differentiation in hierarchal position.
- Regular use of evaluation tools such as employee opinion surveys, focus groups, exit interviews, and an analysis of patterns of employee grievances.
- Investigate discriminatory incidents and take steps to resolve and gaps in perceptions.
- Communicate this to the employees early-on in their careers.
- Special training to handle such matters.
- Diversity awareness
- Mentoring programs
Ashforth, B., & Mael, F. (1989). Social identity theory and the organization.
Academy of Management Review, 14(1), 20-39.
Brown, R. (2000). Social Identity Theory: past achievements, current problems and future challenges. European Journal of Social Psychology, 30, 745-778.
Social-Identity Theory
- Categorization
- Feelings of superiority
References: Alderfer, C.P., & Smith, K.K. (1982). Studying inter-group relations embedded in organizations. Administrative Science Quarterly, 27(1), 35-65. Ashforth, B., & Mael, F. (1989). Social identity theory and the organization. Academy of Management Review, 14(1), 20-39. Brown, R. (2000). Social Identity Theory: past achievements, current problems and future challenges. European Journal of Social Psychology, 30, 745-778. - Competitive inter-group relations. - De-categorization model (Brewer & Miller, 1984). - Seeks to redraw the category boundaries so that any out-group becomes subsumed into a new and larger super-ordinate category (Gaertner et al., 1993; Turner, 1981). Brief, A. P.; Umphress, E. E.; Dietz, J.; Burrows, J. W.; Butz, R. M. & Scholten, L. (2005). Community Matters: Realistic group conflict theory and the impact of diversity. Academy of Management Journal, 48(5), 830–844. Jackson, J.W. (1993). Realistic group conflict theory: A review and evaluation of the theoretical and empirical literature. Journal of Psychological Record, 43(3), 395-405